152 THE CHRYSANTHEMUM 



not called Pompons until the French got hold of them 

 in 1845-6. 



In 1846 a new era commenced in the history of 

 the Chrysanthemum, for at that time Mr. Fortune 

 brought from China two small flowering varieties of 

 the "Chusan Daisy." From these two varieties have 

 sprung all the Pompons now in cultivation. The 

 French growers gave them this name, Pompon, from 

 the resemblance of the flower to the tuft or pompon 

 on the soldiers' caps. 



Japanese Kinds. These were brought over by Mr. 

 Fortune on a second visit to Japan about the year 

 1859 or 1860. The precise date is uncertain, but at 

 least one variety was figured in the Botanical Magazine 

 as somewhat of a novelty in 1863, so it must be about 

 the time mentioned that they were introduced. The 

 French and Guernsey growers soon got hold of them 

 and improved them immensely. 



Show Chrysanthemums. In 1850 we find the 

 Chrysanthemum taking rank as a winter exhibition 

 plant at the meetings of the Caledonian Horticultural 

 Society, which at that time held its shows in what is 

 now the Eoyal Botanical Gardens, Inverlieth. Here 

 we are told that Chrysanthemums were the principal 

 flowers exhibited. 



It is interesting to find that the Siamese have 

 adopted the Chrysanthemum as their national emblem. 

 Breynius in 1689 described it as Matricaria Japonica 

 maxima, from which name we may infer that the 

 earliest known large flowering kinds came originally 

 from Japan, especially so as he speaks of yellow, white, 

 blush, purple, rose and crimson varieties. Linnaeus 

 in 1753 referred to two species, C. Sinense, with large 

 white flowers, and C. Indicum, with very small yellow 

 blossoms, both double and single. The Dutch florists 



