CITRUS FRUITS IN THE PHILIPPINES. 1 



By P. J. WBSTER, Horticulturist in Charge of Lamao Experiment Satioi 



PRELIMINARY REMARKS. 



De Candolle, in his "Origin of Cultivated Plants," discusses 

 5 species belonging to the genus Citrus: The pomelo, C. decu- 

 mana L. ; the citron, lemon, and lime, here considered as distinct 

 species, which he includes under the one species, C. medica L. ; 

 the sweet orange, C. aurantium L., which he separates from the 

 sour orange and which is also by him considered as a distinct 

 species, C. vulgaris Risso; and finally the mandarin, C. nobilix 

 Lour. Of these, the pomelo, orange, mandarin, lemon, lime, and 

 citron are important pomologically, the sour orange being grown 

 principally as stock for the other species. 



The pomelo is by the same author considered to be indigenous 

 to the Pacific Islands east of Java, the citron and affiliated 

 species to have originated in India, and the sour orange east 

 of India, and all to have been in cultivation for over two thou- 

 sand years. The antiquity of the orange and mandarin is less, 

 both species being from China and Cochin China. 



All these species have been introduced into the Philippine 

 Archipelago, and are well distributed excepting the sour orange, 

 which is rarely seen. The discussion of all species refers to 

 them as found in the Philippines except when otherwise stated. 



No very distinct types are found among the oranges or man- 

 darins; the variation in the pomelo is considerable, although, 



1 Bureau of Agriculture Bulletin No. 27, Citriculture in the Philippines, 

 1913, contains illustrations of several unnamed citrus fruits described in 

 this paper. Those readers who possess the above-mentioned bulletin may 

 be interested to know that in accordance with the classification herein these 

 fruits should be named as follows: 



Bull. No. 27, Plate IV, Mandarin Lime = C. webberii; VIII, Lime (Min- 

 danao type) =C. excelsa var. davaoensis; VIII, Lime, "Limon ReaP'^C". 

 excelsa; X, Cabuyao = C. histrix; XI, Cabuyao C. histrix var. torosa; XII, 

 Biasong = C. micrantha; XII, Type from Bohol = C. histrix var. torosa; 

 XII, Type from Bohol = C. histrix var. boholensis; XIV, Colo^C. macro- 

 phylla; XIV, Samuyao = C. micrantha var. microcarpa; XV, Talamisanr^C. 

 longispina; XV, Tizon = C. nobilis var. papillaris; XV, Tihi-tihi=C. medica 

 var. odorata; XVIa = C. webberii var. montana; XVlb = C. southwickii. 



