STRUCTURE OF THE MAMMALIA. 85 



of strong and pointed spines, as in the hedgehog 

 and the porcupine. There are some animals 

 which have the hair on the neck long and flowing, 

 as in the horse and lion, in these cases it is called 

 a mane ; and in others it grows long under the 

 chin, and is then called a beard, as in the goat. 



Besides claws and teeth, many of the mammalia 

 are furnished with horns to defend themselves. 

 Those of the stag are branched, and termed antlers. 

 They are shed or cast off every year, and replaced 

 by new ones, which are at first very soft and 

 tender. 



Some animals of this class, as the ape, the seal, 

 and the hamster, are furnished with cheek-pouch- 

 es, or little bags placed on each side the lower jaw. 

 These they use as pockets, and carry provisions 

 in them ; others have a pouch or bag on the body, 

 which is large enough for their young to creep in 

 when feeding, or when threatened with danger. 

 This peculiarity is seen in the kangaroo and the 

 opossum. 



Questions. 



What shape have the mammalia in general 1 



In. what respect does man differ from the rest? 



Are monkeys four-footed animals, and what name is applied 

 to them ? 



Mention the different situations in which the mammalia 

 live. 



What peculiarity have creatures which live partly on land 

 and in water I 



Describe the wing of the bat. 

 H 



