INTRODUCTION 27 



The drawing should always be " placed' 7 carefully, so that 

 it will not be too near either side, the top, or the bottom of the 

 page. Space must be reserved for the legend. The drawings 

 ought not to be crowded: one on a page is usually all there is 

 room for, and only one side of the paper should be used. 1 



The gross features should first be attended to, the general 

 direction of the lines w T hich bound the structures, representing 

 position, size, general shape, and proportions, being sketched in. 

 These lines ought to be made as near right as possible without 

 taking an undue amount of time. The finished drawing will be 

 correct and satisfactory relatively to the accuracy of this pre- 

 liminary, general sketch. 



The details, proceeding from larger to smaller, are to be 

 drawn next. Usually much detail is not only unnecessary but 

 even objectionable. The endeavor to get too much detail, and 

 to get it without first attending to the general features, is almost 

 the sole cause for the common remark, " I can't draw and never 

 shall be able to!" Any one who can write can draw, and, by 

 observing the right method and the proper sequence, can make 

 drawings that are useful and valuable. 



The pencil should be medium soft; HB is the most useful 

 grade. The lines should be drawn on, not into, the paper, and 

 this requires lightness of touch. The pencil point is to be kept 

 long and sharp, 2 so that it will mark readily and make a fine line 

 that can be seen while it is being made. The strength (that is, 

 width and blackness) of the various lines in the finished drawing 

 should be proportionate to the relative importance of the struct- 

 ures which they represent. The term " relative importance" 

 has reference here not to anatomical or physiological value, but 

 to interest in the picture : the 'things in the picture that give it 

 a name are the things of greatest relative value in that picture. 



In labelling " print" the names neatly, preferably with ink. 

 If there be difficulty in making the words straight and horizontal, 

 light, horizontal lines may be ruled for guides ; these can after- 

 wards be erased. No attempt should be made to form the letters 

 exactly like printed (press) type, but a free style is to be used. 



The pointing lines, either dotted or unbroken, should be ruled 

 with a sharp pencil. This differentiates them from the lines of 



1 The right side of the drawing-paper should always be used. The wrong 

 side (when only one side is for use) is dimpled so as to look as if impressed 

 with cotton or linen. 



2 A piece of sand-paper glued to a strip of wood is handy for this. 



