36 



INTRODUCTION 



trails) and dorsal (dorsalis). The adjectives right (dexter) and 

 left (sinister) have their ordinary meaning. 



Besides these general terms for the body as a whole, certain 

 special terms for the extremities (termini ad extremitates spec- 

 t antes) are found convenient. In the extremities especially it 

 is desirable to have designations independent of the position in 

 space. The direction towards the trunk is, therefore, spoken of 

 as proximal (proximalis) ; that away from the trunk, as distal 

 (distalis). In the forearm and hand the direction towards the 

 thumb side is spoken of as radial (radialis) ; that towards the 

 little-finger side, as ulnar (ulnaris) ; similarly, in the leg the 

 direction towards the great-toe side is spoken of as tibial (tibi- 

 alis) and that towards the little-toe side as fibular (fibularis). 

 Furthermore, in both upper and lower extremities, for the ex- 

 tensor surfaces the expression dorsal (dorsalis) is used; while 

 for the flexor surfaces the term used in the forearm and hand is 

 volar (volaris) ; that in the foot, plantar (plant aris). 



GENERAL ANATOMICAL TEEMS (TERMINI 

 GEN ER ALES). 



A list of certain general terms, with the English synonyms, 

 employed in gross anatomy is here included. It is not intended 

 that the student should begin his work by memorizing these 

 words. On the contrary, he will learn them best by adding them 

 gradually to his vocabulary as the dissection proceeds. 



Accessorius (accessory). 



Acinus (berry). 



Aditus (entrance). 



Ala (wing) (contraction of axilla}. 



Alveolus (little hollow). 



Ampulla (flask). 



Angulus (angle). 



Ansa (handle or loop). 



Antrum (cave). 



Apertura (opening). 



Apex (tip). 



Appendix (appendage). 



Arcus (arch). 



Area (space). 



Axilla (wing). 



Basis (base). 



Brachium (arm). 



Canaliculus (small channel). 



Canalis (canal). 



Capitulum (little head). 



Capsula (capsule). 



Caput (head). 



Cartilago (cartilage). 



Caruncula (small piece of flesh). 



Cauda (tail). 



Caverna (cavern). 



Cavum (hole or cavity). 



Cellula (little chamber or cell). 



Circulus (circle). 



Cisterna (cistern). 



Collum (neck). 



Columna (column or pillar). 



Commissura (connection or commis- 

 sure). 



Cornu (horn). 



Corona (wreath, garland, or crown). 



Corpus (body). 



Corpusculum (little body or cor- 

 puscle). 



Crista (crest). 



