vi PREFACE 



contributions to knowledge by original investigation in his 

 department. There is no intention, however, to make " word of 

 mouth" instruction superfluous. On the contrary, it is hoped 

 that the use of the Manual will make it possible for the in- 

 structor to concentrate his attention upon, and to give better 

 than before, that particular help to the student which comes 

 alone through the personal encounter. 



Whether the effort to find the golden mean between the 

 " spoon-feeding" guide, on the one hand, and insufficient guid- 

 ance, on the other, has been successful must be left to anatomical 

 teachers to decide. The compilers have used the Manual in 

 mimeograph form during the past year in the Anatomical Lab- 

 oratory of the University of Chicago ; instructors and students 

 both feel that it has been distinctly helpful. 



The sequence of dissection and the methods of exposing the 

 various parts are those almost universally adopted in the better 

 English and American laboratories. They represent the expe- 

 rience and traditions of more than a hundred years of careful 

 anatomical work. The influence of the Edinburgh school of 

 anatomists has become widespread, and the directions of one 

 of the principal representatives of that school, Professor D. 

 J. Cunningham, of Edinburgh, as embodied in his admirable 

 Manual of Dissection, have been closely followed herein. 



The Laboratory Manual is not intended to take the place of 

 a descriptive text-book (see p. 30) ; on the contrary, it is hoped 

 and expected that it will act as a stimulant to the student not 

 only to use in connection with it the best descriptive text-book 

 and atlas available, but also to refer to various atlases and text- 

 books, as well as original articles in the literature. Though it 

 is realized that the average medical student has not the time 

 to range far afield, it would seem highly desirable that he 

 should at least gain an idea of the wide extent of the subject and 

 that he should learn that it is not all included between the covers 

 of a dissecting manual. 



The nomenclature employed is that which was formulated by 

 the German Society of Anatomists and which is rapidly being 

 adopted in many of the best English and American laboratories. 

 There seems to be no doubt that this nomenclature will be the 

 prevalent one for at least many years to come. The magnificent 

 atlases of Spalteholz and Toldt, which have recently been pub- 

 lished, employ it exclusively, and the student will find it a great 

 convenience to have the terms used in his laboratory manual 

 identical with those of his atlas. Unfortunately, only one or 



