176 LABORATORY MANUAL OF HUMAN ANATOMY 



Superficial Fascia of Sole. 



This fascia consists of but one layer, and resembles the fas- 

 ciae of the palm of the hand and of the scalp. Note the peculiar 

 character of the fat and its disposition. Thick fibrous processes 

 will be found which connect this fascia to the skin. Dissect away 

 this fascia carefully and study the following: 



Bursae. 



(a) Subcutaneous calcanean bursa (bursa subcutanea calcanea). (Vide 



Spalteholz, p. 348.) 



(b) Bursa in the ball of the great and of the little toe. Occasionally a 



small artery and nerve may be found passing into these bursae. 

 When inflamed they are very painful. How may the formation 

 of these subcutaneous bursae be accounted for? 

 Veins. 



(a) Digital plantar veins (Vv. digitales plantar es}. 



(b) Plantar venous arch (arcus plantaris venosus). 



(ba) Intercapitular veins (Vv. inter capitular es} , single or dou- 

 ble, passing between each pair of toes to join the Vv. 

 digitales dorsales. 



(c) Plantar venous network (rete venosum plantare). 



Determine the exact course of the venous blood coming from the sole 

 of the foot. 

 Nerves. 



(a) Medial calcanean branches of the tibial nerve (rami calcanei N. 



tibialis). 



(b) Cutaneous branches of the plantar nerves. 

 Lymphatics. 



Determine the exact course of the lymphatics of the sole of the foot. 

 (Vide Toldt, Fig. 1090.) 



Plantar Aponeurosis (Aponeurosis plantaris.) 



Eemove now the superficial fascia and study the aponeurosis 

 plantaris. (Vide Spalteholz, Fig. 397.) 



Note the density of this aponeurosis. It is attached poste- 

 riorly to the os calcaneum and passes forward to cover the whole 

 of the musculature of the foot. It is attached to the medial and 

 lateral margins of the foot, and passes without interruption into 

 the fascia of the dorsum of the foot. 



This aponeurosis, like the palmar aponeurosis, may be 

 divided into a middle, a medial, and a lateral part. How does 

 the strength of the middle part compare with that of the medial 

 and lateral parts'? Trace this medial part forward, after having 

 determined its posterior attachment; dissect out the five proc- 

 esses into which it divides. Determine their relations to the 

 Ligg. vaginalia and the phalanges. Dissect out carefully the 

 transverse bundles (fasciculi transversi). 



