204 LABORATORY JMANUAL OF HUMAN ANATOMY 



SIDE OF NECK. 



Examination of Surface. 



Review the names of the regions of the neck. In the middle 

 line feel the hyoid bone ; run the finger along its body and make 

 out the greater cornua. A finger-breadth lower the thyreoid 

 cartilage is reached. Examine it in detail. Lower still, palpate 

 the cricoid cartilage, the cricothyreoid space, and the trachea. 

 Can you make out the thyreoid gland? Ascertain the vertebral 

 levels of the hyoid bone, the cricoid cartilage, and the upper 

 border of the manubrium. 



Make deep pressure in upper part of supraclavicular fossa 

 and feel transverse process of seventh cervical vertebra. Is 

 there a cervical rib present! Make also deep pressure over the 

 line of the carotid vessels at the level of the cricoid cartilage and 

 feel the prominent anterior tubercle of the transverse process of 

 the sixth cervical vertebra. This is the so-called ' ' carotid tuber 

 cle" (Chassaignac's), an important landmark to the surgeon, 

 since the A. carotis lies directly anterior to it. 



Palpate through the skin the anterior margin of the M. trape- 

 zius, the clavicle, the upper border of the manubrium, the lower 

 margin of the mandible, and the mastoid process. Note the 

 exact position of the M. sternocleidomastoideus, separating the 

 anterior from the posterior triangle of the neck. Above the 

 manubrium note the jugular fossa (fossa jugular is), sometimes 

 called the " suprasternal fossa" or " fonticulus gutturis"; it 

 is especially marked in marasmus. 



Skin, Superficial Fascia, and Platysma. 



The skin is thin and rather loose. Place a large block beneath 

 the shoulders and put the parts upon the stretch. Make three 

 incisions (see Fig. 82a, p. 195) : (1) in the linea mediana ante- 

 rior from the chin to the manubrium; (2) from the middle of 

 the upper margin of the manubrium lateralward along the clavi- 

 cle to the acromion; (3) from the processus mastoideus obliquely 

 downward and medialward along the anterior margin of the 

 M. sternocleidomastoideus to the angle formed by incisions (1) 

 and (2). Reflect the anterior triangular flap upward and the 

 posterior one backward. 



In the superficial fascia, compare the amount of fat present 

 in your subject with that in the cadaver of the opposite sex. 

 Note the relative abundance of fat between the chin and the 

 hyoid bone. To what is " double chin" due? Take care to avoid 



