502 LABORATORY MANUAL OF HUMAN ANATOMY 



Margins. 



(a) Posterior margin (margo posterior}. 



(b) Anterior margin (margo anterior). 



Note especially the crenations in this anterior border. It is 

 often referred to as the ' 'margo crenatus." These crenations 

 are of importance, as they enable the clinician to differentiate 

 between enlargement of the spleen and of the kidney. The 

 rounded prominence separating the gastric and renal surfaces 

 is sometimes described as the margo intermedius. 



Examine the hilus of the spleen (hilus lienis}. 



Four layers of peritoneum will be found at the hilus. The 

 two anterior layers are derived from the ligamentum gastro- 

 lienale, while the two posterior layers are derived from the liga- 

 mentum pancreaticolienale. Determine from which peritoneal 

 sac each layer of this peritoneum is derived, noting that the 

 relation is the same as found in the omentum majus. Between 

 the two layers of the ligamentum pancreaticolienale will be found 

 the tail of the pancreas and the splenic vessels. 



Incise the spleen and examine 



(a) Serous coat (tunica serosa). 



(b) Albugineous coat (tunica albuginea). 



(c) Splenic pulp (pulpa lienis). 



(d) Splenic rami of splenic artery (rami lienales [arteriae lienalis]). 



(e) Splenic lymph-nodules (noduli lymphatici lienales [Malpighii]) (0. 



T. Malpighian corpuscles). 



Instructive pictures of the splenic framework can be obtained 

 by allowing the organ to decompose partially and then washing 

 out the pulp and blood and drying by inflation through one of the 

 veins. 



What is an accessory spleen (lien accessorius) ? How many 

 of these may be found, and where are they generally located? 



Review the development of the spleen and its relation to the 

 mesogastrium posterius. 



Liver (Hepar). (Vide Figs. 266, 267, and Spalteholz, Figs. 579-581.) 

 Eeview the development of the liver. Its position in the 

 cadaver has already been studied. Use models to determine its 

 exact relations, form, and position in a hardened body. Remove 

 the liver from the abdominal cavity. Cut through the liga- 

 mentum teres and ligamentum falciforme. Divide the triangular 

 ligaments on each side and the upper layer of the coronary liga- 

 ment. Separate the posterior surface of the liver from the dia- 



