ABDOMEN AND PELVIS 513 



Abdominal Aorta (Aorta abdominalis). (Fig. 271.) 



(a) Parietal branches (rami parietales). 



(aa) Inferior phrenic artery (A. phrenica inferior). 



(aaa) Superior suprarenal branches (rami suprarenales 

 superiores). 



(ab) Lumbar arteries (Aa. lumbales). These run behind the 



truncus sympathicus. 



(aba) Dorsal branch (ramus dorsalis). 



(abb) Spinal branch (ramus spinalis). 



(ac) Middle sacral artery (A. sacralis media). 



(aca) Lowest lumbar artery (A. lumbalis ima). 



(acb) Coccygeal skein (glomus coccygeum). 



(b) Visceral branches (rami viscerales). 



(ba) Coeliac artery (A. coeliaca). 



(baa) Left gastric artery (A. gastrica sinistra). 



(bab) Hepatic artery (A. hepatica). 



(bac) Splenic artery (A. lienalis). 



(bb) Superior mesenteric artery (A. mesenterica superior), 

 (be) Inferior mesenteric artery (A. mesenterica inferior). 



(bd) Middle suprarenal artery (A. suprarenalis media) (0. T. 



middle capsular artery). 



(be) Renal artery (A. renalis). 



(bea) Inferior suprarenal artery (A. suprarenalis infe- 

 rior). 



(bf) Internal spermatic artery (A. spermatica interna). 



(1) Testicular artery ( A. testicularis) (in the male). 



(2) Ovarian artery (A. ovarica) (in the female). 

 Notice the levels at which these arteries are given off and their rela- 

 tion to the vertebrae. Do you find any evidences of the segmental origin 

 of the aorta? 



Inferior Vena Cava (Vena cava inferior). 



(a) Parietal roots (radices parietales). 



(aa) Inferior phrenic vein (V. phrenica inferior). 



(ab) Lumbar veins (Vv. lumbales). 



(b) Visceral roots (radices viscerales). 



(ba) Hepatic veins (Vv. hepaticae). 



(bb) Renal veins (Vv. renales). 



(be) Suprarenal veins (Vv. suprarenales). 



(bd) Spermatic vein (V. spermatica). 



(be) Testicular vein (V. testicularis). 



(bf) Ovarian vein (V. ovarica). 



(bg) Pampiniform plexus (plexus pampiniformis) . 



Note the division of the abdominal aorta into the 



Common Iliac Arteries (Aa. iliacae communes). 



At what level does this bifurcation occur? Note the general 

 direction of the artery and its length. What is the relation of 

 each common iliac artery to the intestinum tenue, the sympa- 

 thetic nerves connecting the plexus aorticus abdominalis, and 



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