308 LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 



the south side and they are bent over with a strong pulling 

 motion. They should be bent over toward the south, that 

 the sun during the winter may not strike them with direct 

 rays, and should be uncovered and placed upright as soon 

 as the frost is out of the ground in the spring, as they start 

 earlier when lying on the ground than if standing upright 

 and are thus less liable to be injured by late frosts. 



To keep the canes upright when loaded with fruit, they 

 may be tied to stakes or be supported by tying the canes in 

 from opposite sides, one cane thus supporting the other. 

 No. 14 or 16 wires stretched on each side of the rows from 

 12 to 15 inches apart serve as good supports. When grown 

 on a strong soil, the canes if made to branch by pinching 

 will be large enough to stand up without support. 



The varieties that succeed at the north are the Agawam, 

 Snyder, and Taylors, while further south the Early Har- 

 vest, Wilson, and Erie may prove more satisfactory. 



Under good cultivation the blackberry is very little 

 troubled by insect or fungous pests, but it will generally be 

 best to spray the bushes before they start into growth and 

 again just before the blossoms open with the Bordeaux 

 mixture for the leaf-blight, rust, and anthracnose, which are 

 sometimes destructive in very moist and warm weather, 

 especially if the growth is rather weak. 



THE RASPBERRY. 



The raspberry is successfully grown under about the same 

 conditions as the blackberry, but perhaps needs a somewhat 

 richer soil, and as the canes make a shorter growth may be 

 planted a little closer, i.e., in rows 5 to 6 feet apart or in 

 hills 3 by 6 feet. The fruit of the red raspberry should be 



