FUNCTIONS OF THE CEREBRUM. 523 



be directed, and especially of all that relates to the individual ; whilst 

 that condition of perfect health which is derived from wholesome recrea- 

 tion, fresh air, active exercise, &c., is almost always accompanied with a 

 degree of cheerfulness and elasticity, which occasions even real evils to 

 be but comparatively little felt. 



920. When we turn our attention to the Intelligential actions of 

 which the Cerebrum appears (in our present state of being) to be the 

 exclusive instrument, we perceive that the attribute by which they are 

 distinguished both from the Instinctive and Emotional, is their inten- 

 tional or purposive performance, in accordance with the mental concep- 

 tion of the object to be attained, and the intellectual belief as to the 

 most advantageous means of accomplishing it. The decision thus 

 formed by the Reasoning processes, is put into operation by the Will ; 

 and thus it is the characteristic of a Voluntary act, that it is designed 

 by the individual to answer a certain purpose which is distinctly 

 present to the mind. Now when we come to analyze the faculties 

 concerned in this class of operations, we find that the one most closely 

 related to the simple Sensorial powers already treated of, and at the 

 same time most essential to all the higher operations, is Memory. 

 This faculty is one of those first awakened in the opening mind of the 

 Infant; and we find traces of it in animals that seem to be otherwise 

 guided by pure Instinct. It obviously affords the first steps towards 

 the exercise of the reasoning powers ; since no experience can be gained 

 without it, and the foundation of all intelligent adaptation of means to 

 ends lies in the application of the knowledge which has been acquired 

 and stored up in the mind. There is strong reason to believe that this 

 attribute belongs to the Cerebrum exclusively; no impressions made 

 upon the Sensorial centres being ever remembered, unless they are 

 registered (as it were) in this organ. And further, there is evidence 

 that no impression of this kind once made upon the Cerebrum is ever 

 entirely lost, in the normal state ; although disease or accident will 

 sometimes occasion a complete destruction of the memory, or will 

 obliterate the remembrance of a particular class of objects or of ideas. 

 All memory, however, seems to depend upon the principle of Sugges- 

 tion ; one idea being linked with another, or with a particular sensa- 

 tion, in such a manner as to be called up by its recurrence ; and a 

 period of many years frequently intervening, without that combination 

 of circumstances presenting itself which is .requisite to arouse the 

 dormant impression of some early event. Sometimes this combination 

 occurs in Dreaming, Delirium, or Insanity, three states which agree in 

 this, that the Will has no control over the current of thought ; and 

 ideas are thus recalled, of which the mind in a state of healthy activity 

 has no remembrance. 



921. It is upon the ideas aroused in the mind by Sensorial changes, 

 or recalled by Conception, or evolved by the process of Reflection (in 

 which the mind perceives its own operations, and traces relations 

 amongst its objects of thought), or generated by the Imagination 

 (which really acts, however, rather by combining into new forms, than 

 by creating altogether de novo), that all acts of Reasoning are based. 

 These consist, for the most part, in the aggregation and collocation of 



