CONTENTS. 



PART I. 



GARDENING CONSIDERED IN RESPECT TO ITS ORIGIN, PROGRESS, AND PRESENT 

 STATE AMONG DIFFERENT NATIONS, GOVERNMENTS, AND CLIMATES. 



BOOK I. 



HISTORY OF GARDENING AMONG ANCIENT 

 AND MODERN NATIONS. 



Chap. I. Page 



Of the Origin and Progress of Gardening in the 

 earliest ages of Antiquity, or from the 10th 

 century before the vulgar aera to the found- 

 ation of the Roman Empire - 3 



I. Of the fabulous Gardens of Antiquity - ib. 



II. Jewish Gardens. B.C. 1500. - - 4 



III. Phaeacian Gardens. B.C. 900. - - ib. 



IV. Babylonian or Assyrian Gardens. B.C. 



2000. - - - - 5 



V. Persian Gardens. B. C. 500. - - 6 



VI. Grecian Gardens. B. C. 300. - - ib. 



VII. Gardening in the ages of Antiquity, as 



to Fruits, Culinary Productions, and 

 Flowers - - -7 



Chap. II. 

 Chronological History of Gardening, from the 

 time of the Roman Kings, in the sixth cen- 

 tury B. C. to the Decline and Fall of the 

 Empire in the fifth century of our aera - 9 



I. Roman Gardening as an Art of Design and 



Taste - - ib. 



II. Roman Gardening considered as to the Cul- 



ture of Flowers and Plants of Ornament 13 



III. Roman Gardening in respect to its Pro- 



ducts for the Kitchen and the Dessert ib. 



IV. Roman Gardening considered in respect 



to the Propagation and Planting of Tim- 

 ber-trees and Hedges - - - 14 



V. Roman Gardening as a Science, and as to 



the Authors it produced - - 15 



Chap. III. 



Chronological History of Gardening, in conti- 

 nental Europe from the Time of the Romans 

 to the present Day, or from A. D. 500 to A. D. 

 1823. - - - - 16 



I. Of the Revival, Progress, and present State 



of Gardening in Italy - - ib. 



1. Italian Gardening, in respect to Design 



and Taste - - - ib. 



2. Italian Gardening in respect to the Cul- 



ture of Flowers and Plants of Ornament 21 



3. Italian Gardening in respect to its Products 



for the Kitchen and the Dessert - 23 



4. Italian Gardening, in respect to the plant- 



ing of Timber-trees and Hedges - 24 



5. Italian Gardening, as empirically practised 25 



6. Italian Gardening, as a Science, and as to 



the Authors it has produced - - ib. 



II. Of the Revival, Progress, and present State 



of Gardening in Holland and Flanders - 26 



1. Dutch Gardening, as an Art of Design and 



Taste - - - ib. 



2. Dutch Gardening, in respect to the Cul- 



ture of Flowers and Plants of Ornament 29 



3. Dutch Gardening in respect to the Cul- 



ture of Fruits and Culinary Vegetables - 31 



4. Dutch Gardening, in respect to the plant- 



ing of Timber-trees and Hedges - 31 



5. Dutch Gardening, as empirically practised 32 



6. Dutch Gardening, as a Science, and in re- 



spect to the Authors it has produced - 33 



III. Of the Rise, Progress, and present State of 



Gardening in France - - ib. 



1. French Gardening, as an Art of Design 



and Taste - . . ib. 



2. French Gardening, in respect to the Cul- 



ture of Flowers and Plants of Ornament 39 



3. French Gardening, in respect to its horti- 



cultural Productions - - 40 



4. French Gardening, in respect to the plant- 



ing of Timber-trees and Hedges - 41 



5. French Gardening, as empirically prac- 



tised - _ .42 



6. French Gardening, as a Science, and as to 



the Authors it has produced - - 43 



IV. Of the Rise, Progress, and present State of 



Gardening in Germany - - ib. 



1. German Gardening, as an Art of Design 



and Taste - - - ib. 



2. German Gardening, in respect to the Cul- 



ture of Flowers and Plants of Ornament 47 



3. German Gardening, in respect to horticul- 



tural Productions - - 49 



4. German Gardening, as to planting Timber- 



trees and Hedges - - - 50 



5. German Gardening, as empirically prac- 



tised - - - - ib. 



6. German Gardening, as a Science, and as to 



the Authors it has produced - - 51 



V. Of the Rise, Progress, and present State of 



Gardening in Switzerland - - 52 



VI. Of the Rise, Progress, and present State of 



Gardening in Sweden and Norway - 53 



VII. Of the Rise, Progress, and present State of 



Gardening in Russia - -55 



1. Russian Gardening, as an Art of Design 



and Taste - 



2. Russian Gardening, in respect to the Cul- 



ture of Flowers and Plants of Ornament 59 



3. Russian Gardening, in respect to its horti- 



cultural Productions - - ib. 



4. Russian Gardening, in respect to the Cul- 



ture of Timber-trees and Hedges - 60 



5. Russian Gardening, as empirically prac- 



tised - - - ib. 



6. Russian Gardening, as a Science, and as 



to the Authors it has produced - 61 



VIII. Of the Rise, Progress, and present State 



of Gardening in Poland - - ib. 



IX. Of the Rise, Progress, and present State of 



Gardening in Spain and Portugal - 63 



1. Spanish Gardening, as an Art of Design 



and Taste - - - 64 



2. Spanish and Portuguese Gardening, in re- 



spect to the Culture of Flowers and 

 Plants of Ornament - - 65 



3. Spanish and Portuguese Gardening, in re- 



spect to its horticultural Productions and 

 Planting - - - 66 



X. Of the Rise, Progress, and present state of 



Gardening in European Turkey - ib. 



A 3 



