902 PRACTICE OF GARDENING. Part IH. 



Subset. 4. Shrubs for planting by the Sicks of Pieces of Water, or in Marshy Grounds, 



and among Rocks. 



6580. Besides aquatic shrubs, most of the peat-earth species are also suitable for planting in marshy 

 situations. 

 Deciduous. Alnuspumila^tulanana, I M^a cetera, and .aie, Salix, most I Evergreen. v ^ffJSg%^^ 



pumila, and sibirica, Dirca palustns, of the species. ^ culata. 



6581. Of mountain or rock shrubs the following are some of the most hardy : 



. . . . . *- d -.ii .^nnciKima. Rubus cae. trumnigrum, Erica, all the har 



Deciduous. Atraphoxis alpina, Daphne 

 alpina, Genista decumbens, Lonicera. 

 aluigena, Ononis fruticosa, Potentilla 

 fruticosa, Khamnus saxatilis, Rho- 

 dodendron dauricum, Ribes alpinum, 



Rosa alpina, spinosissima, Rubus cae. 

 sius, corylifolius hispidus, Spartimn 

 angulatum. 

 Evergreens. Arbutus alpina, Azalea 

 procumbens, Daphne collina, Empe- 



trum nigrum, Erica, all the hardy species, 

 Cistus, all' the species, Gaultheria pro- 

 cumbens, Juniperus communis, Ros- 

 marinus officinalis, Ulex europaeus, 

 nana. 



Subsect. 5. Shrubs for forming Edgings and Hedges in Gardens. 

 6582. Of shrubs for edgings few are comparable to the box {Buxus sempervirens var. nana) ; but some 

 others may be occasionally used, as the 



but the following sorts will form compact evergreen shelters : 



T . . __i , *_,, ,i mrP cpmnervirens Olea (Wild.) I Taxus baccata, Thuja occidental and 



B ^nisTl P ex"X^ui"a?.TbeX; 'S^^^S^^S^^. oriental!*, Viburnum' tinus, Prunus lau- 

 ^Smf^^T^ii^Sia^I^ I nufalatern'us, Rosmarinus officinalis, | rocerasus. 



The creeping shrubs may be formed into hedges by training on frame-work. 



6584. Flowering hedges may be formed of the following deciduous sorts : 



B^i wn-ious snecies, Coronilla emerus, 1 Philadelphus coronarius, Pyrus japonica, I Spiraea hypericifolia, Syringa persica, 

 ^ph1Tr^Sm;mWscu^syriacus; | Robinia'hispida, Spartium multiflorum, | vulgar*, hybnda, or varm, fc* 



Subsect. 6. Shrubs whose Floivers or Leaves have volatile Odors, and diffuse them in the 



surrounding Air. 



6585. Of shrubs whose odors are volatile only a few have this quality in the leaves as well as the 

 flower ; these are marked leav. : 



Deciduous. Azalea most of the species, 



Betula sibirica, leav. Daphne me- 

 zereum, Rosa rubiginosa, leav. 



Salix most of the species, but espe- 



cially S. viminalis, alba, Syringa vul- | Climbers. Clematis flamula, Jasminum 

 garis. officinale, Lonicera caprifolium, peri- 



Evergreens. Lavandula spica, Rosma- clymenum. 



rinus officinalis. I 



Subsect. 7. Shrubs ornamental by their Fruit as tirell as Flowers. 

 6586. Ornamental fruit-bearing shrubs are also serviceable as encouraging singing-birds to resort to the 

 shrubbery. 



spinosa, Linn.) ; it is profusely covered 

 with odoriferous white flowers early 

 in April, and with dark-purple fruit 

 with a fine bloom, from September to 

 February. It is much cultivated in 

 Japan (464.), where its flowers attain 

 the size of a double rose. 

 Evergreens. Arbutus unedo, alpina, and 

 uva-ursi, Comus canadensis, Empe- 



Deciduous. Berberis vulgaris, Ligustrum 

 vulgare, Ribes alpinum, cynosbati, 

 Rosa spinosissima, et villosa, Sorbus 

 americana, et lanuginosa, most of the 

 species of Vaccinium, Lonicera, Vi r 

 burnum, and all the species of Comus, 

 Euonymus, Mespilus, Prunus, Pyrus, 

 and Sambucus. Few shrubs are more 

 ornamental than the sloe (Prunus 



trum nigrum, Euonymus americamis, 

 Ilex aquifolium, Juniperus communis, 

 and suecia, Mespilus japonica, pyra- 

 cantha, Prunus all the species, Taxus 

 baccata, Vaccinium all the species, 

 Hedera helix. 

 Climbers and Creepers. Lonicera all the 

 species. Rosa canina, Vitis vul- 

 pina. 



Subsect. 8. Selections of Shrubs for botanical or economical Purposes, parasitic Trees, 

 and Shrubs for a small Shrubbery. 

 6587. Selections of shrubs may be arranged in innumerable modes, as well as herba- 

 ceous plants ; as, according to soil, climate, habitation, country, rarity, place in bo- 

 tanical systems, uses in agriculture, or the arts, &c. No gardener can make any selec- 

 tion who does not know by inspection the actual plants, and their habits, culture, and 

 history ; to him it is needless to repeat the sources to which he may have recourse for 

 forming any classification whatever. 



6588. A selection for botanical purposes will necessarily include parasitic plants, of which the only hardy 

 genus' is viscum. This is propagated in February by sticking the berries, which are viscid when bruised, 

 in a slit like that made in budding, on the smooth bark of the apple, pear, thorn, or almost any tree. 

 If these are not washed away by rain, or otherwise rubbed off, they will germinate in the following sum- 

 mer. To make sure of their not falling off, some bore a hole in the bark and insert the seed ; or cut a 

 notch in it, or make a slit : the last seems the best mode, and has been successfully adopted by Professor 

 Thouin in the Paris garden, and extensively by Watts, a nurseryman at Acton, on most sorts of trees. 

 Some, as Professor Walker {Essays on Nat. Hist.), on the supposition that the seeds will not vegetate till 

 they have passed through the stomach of a bird, recommend causing fowls to eat the seeds, and then 

 sowing them. But this is found not to answer, for though the digestive powers of the stomach do not 

 destroy the vegetative power of seeds which pass rapidly through it, yet in most cases it does. The mistle- 

 toe in nature is propagated by the mistletoe-thrush {Tardus viscivorus), but not, as is generally supposed, 

 by means of its excrement. This bird feeds on the berries of the misletoe in winter. These, from their 

 viscosity, often stick to the outer part of the bird's beak, and to disengage them he strikes it against the 

 branch of the tree on which he alights, and leaves the seed sticking to the bark ; if this should chance to 

 be a smooth part, the seed will adhere to it, and the succeeding spring will grow, the radicle piercing the 

 bark, and the plume unfolding itself in the air. The viscum grows best on the pyrus and mespilus tribes, 

 but it will also grow on the ash, poplar, lime, oak, fir, &c, on which trees we have observed it in abund- 

 ance in Germany. In the pine-forests, near Magdebourg, it is most abundant on pinus sylvestris. 



