100 



STATISTICS OF GARDENING. 



Part IV. 



1633. Piaffes, Gabriel, a poor man, but a useful 

 writer. Harte says, lie had a bold adventurous 

 cast of mind, and preferred the faulty sublime to 

 faulty mediocrity. As great a genius as he was, he 

 was allowed to drop down dead in London streets 

 with hunger ; nor had he a shirt upon his back when 

 he died. He bequeathed his papers to Hartlib, who 

 seems to have published but few of them. 



1. Treatise of Husbandry. Lond. 1633. 4 to. 



, X. Discourse of infinite Treasure, hidden since the World's be- 

 ginning, in the way of Husbandry. Lond. 1G59. 1653. 1656. 4to. 

 16i0. Anon. . 



1 The Countryman's Recreation ; or, the art of Planting, 

 Grafting, and Gardening, in three bookes. Lond. 1640. 4to. 

 With a perfect Platforme of a Hop-Garden. 



2. The expert Gardener, collected out of Dutch and French 

 Authors. 1610. An edition with cuts in 1654. 



1645. Weston, Sir Richard, of Sutton, in Surrey. 

 He was ambassador from England to Frederick V. 

 Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia, in 1619. He 

 was present at the famous battle of Prague, and his 

 curious relation of it in a letter is still preserved in 

 MS. It is remarked in the Philosophical Transac- 

 tions, that England has profited in agriculture to 

 the amount of many millions in consequence of the 

 Flanders husbandry having been made known by 

 Sir R. Weston's book. 



A Discours of Husbandrie used in Brabant and Flanders ; 

 shewing the wonderful improvement of land there ; and 

 serving as a pattern for our practice in this Commonwealth. 

 Lond. 1645. 4to. 21 pages. 



1645. Hall, Joseph. This author lived at Shedley, 

 in Yorkshire ; an extract from his work may be 

 seen in the Museum Rusticum. 



An Essay on Timber Trees. 



1649. Blith or Blytfje, Walter, an officer in Crom- 

 well's army, who, with other English gentlemen, 

 holding commissions at that time, was eminently 

 useful in introducing improvements into Ireland 

 and Scotland. 



The English Improver Improved ; or, the Survey of Hus- 

 bandry Surveyed, discovering the Improveableness of all 

 Lands ; by Wa. Blith, a lover of Ingenuity. Lond. 4to. 



This is an original and incomparable work for the time. 



1651. Hartlib, Samuel, an ingenious writer on 

 agriculture, and author of several theological 

 tracts, was the son of a Polish merchant, and came 

 to England about 1640. He was a great promoter of 

 husbandry during the times of the commonwealth, 

 and was much esteemed by all ingenious men in 

 those days. Milton addressed to him his treatise 

 on education., and Sir William Petty inscribed two 

 letters to him on the same subject. Cromwell al- 

 lowed him a pension of a hundred pounds a-year. 



A Designe for Plentie, by an universall Planting of Fruit- 

 trees ; tendered by some Wel-wishers to the Public. Lon- 

 don, without date, but probably 1652. 4to. Published by 

 Hartlib, who had the MS. from the Hon. Colonel John 

 Barkstead, lieutenant of the Tower. The author was an 

 aged minister of the Gospel, at Loving-land near Yarmouth. 



1653. Austen,- Ralph, author of several works on 

 theology, all printed at Oxford, where he seems to 

 have lived, and died probably about 1680. 



1. A Treatise of Fruit-Trees. Showing the manner of 

 Grafting, Setting, Pruning, and Ordering of them in all res- 

 pects ; according to divers new and easy Rules of experience; 

 fathered in the space of twenty yeares. Whereby the value of 

 rands may be much improved, in a short time, by small 

 cost, and little labour. Also discovering some dangerous Er- 

 rors, both in the Theory and Practice of the Art' of Plant- 

 ing Fruit-trees. With the Alimentall and Physicall use of 

 fruits. Togeather with the Spirituall use of an Orchard. 

 Held forth in divers Similitudes betweene Naturall and Spi- 

 ritual Fruit-trees; according to Scripture and Experience. 

 By Ra. Austen. Practiser in the Art of Planting. Oxford, 

 1653. 4 to. 



1656. Tradescant, John, a Dutchman, but the pe- 

 riod of his coming to England is unknown. He is 

 said to have been some time in the service of Lord 

 Treasurer Salisbury, and Lord Wooton. He tra- 

 velled as far eastward as ltussia ; was in the fleet 

 that was sent against the Algerines in 1620, on 

 which occasion he collected plants in Barbary and 

 the isles of the Mediterranean. About 1629 he ob- 

 tained the title of gardener to Charles I. When he 

 founded his garden at Lambeth is not exactly 

 known ; but there he collected the first considerable 

 collection of natural history ever formed in this 

 country. His museum was called Tradescant's Ark, 

 and was much frequented by the great. He had a 

 son of the same name, who took a voyage to Virginia, 

 and brought home many new plants. Tradescant's 

 spiderwort and aster are among the number of 

 plants introduced by them. In what year the elder 

 Tradescant died is uncertain, but he was an old man 

 when his book was published. The son inherited the 

 museum, and bequeathed it by a deed of gift to Elias 

 Ashmole, Esq., who lodged in Tradescant's house. 

 It afterwards became part of the Ashmolean mu- 

 seum, and thp name of Tradescant was unjustly sunk 



in that of Ashmole. John, the son, died in 1662 : 

 his widow contested the will, and upon losing her 

 cause, it is said she drowned herself. A curious ac- 

 count of the remains of the Lambeth garden, drawn 

 up in the year 1749 by Sir W. Watson, is printed in 

 the 46th vol. of the Philosophical Transactions ; and 

 of the family monument erected by Mrs. Ashmole, in 

 the 63d vol. of that work. 

 Catalogue of the plants in his garden. 



1657. Beale, John, a Herefordshire gentleman. 



1. A Treatise on Fruit Trees, shewing their Manner of 

 Grafting, Pruning, and Ordering : Of Cider and Pirrv : Of 

 Vineyards in England, &c. Oxf. 1653, 1657, 4to. 1665, l2mo. 



2. The Hereford Orchards; a pattern for the whole of Eng- 

 land. Ixmd. 1657, l2mo. 1724, 8vo. 



3. Observations on some parts of Bacon's Natural History, as 

 it concerns Fruit Trees, Fruits, and Flowers. Oxf. 1658. 4to. 

 Printed along with the work entitled, A Treatise on Fruit 

 Trees, 1665. 12mo. 



4. General Advertisement concerning Cider Letters about 

 Improvement of Nurseries, Orchards, &c. Lond. 1677. 4to. 



1658. Browne, Sir Thomas, M.D., an eminent phy- 

 sician and antiquary, was born in London, 1605, 

 died 1682. 



1. Hydriotaphia; or, a Discourse of Sepulchral Urns lately 

 found in Norfolk; together with the Garden of Cyrus, or the 

 Quincuncial Lozenage, or Net-work Plantation of the An- 

 cients, artificially, naturally, and mystically considered. Lond. 

 1658. 8vo. 



9. Certain Miscellany Tracts in Scripture, of Gardens. 

 Lond. 1684. 8vo. 



1658. Evelyn, John, F. R. S., an eminent natural 

 philosopher and patriot, was born at Wotton, in 

 Surrey, the seat of his father, Richard Evelyn, Esq. ; 

 the 31st of October, 1620 : after he had finished his 

 education at Oxford, his philosophic turn of mind 

 induced him to quit his native country, rather than 

 engage in the civil war then breaking out, and in 

 1644, he set out to make the tour of Europe. He 

 wrote on a variety of subjects, philosophical, politi- 

 cal, and literary, and died on the 27th of February 

 1705-6, in the 86th year of his age, and was interred 

 at Wotton. 



In 1819, Memoirs of J. Evelyn, Esq., including his Diary, 

 were published by William Bray (in 2 vols. 4to.), a very interest- 

 ing book, as affording a faithful picture of the times in which 

 he lived, and a good idea of the gardens on the continent at the 

 time he travelled, and those of England at the end of the 17th 

 century. 



1. The French Gardener, instructing how to cultivate all 

 sorts of Fruit-Trees and Herbs for the Garden ; together with 

 directions to dry and conserve them in their natural state. 

 Lond. 1658, 8vo. ; 



2. Fumifugium ; or, the Inconvenience of the Air and Smoke 

 of London dissipated ; together with some Remedies humbly 

 proposed. Lond. 1661. 12mo. This work was addressed to 

 His Majesty King Charles II., and published by his express 

 command. The author pro|x>ses the removal of such trades as 

 require great iires, five or six miles out of London, towards 

 Greenwich ; also of slaughter-houses and chandlers ; and to 

 plant fragrant rurseries and gardens in the low grounds near 

 the city. The lime-trees in St. James's Park were planted in 

 consequence of this suggestion. 



3. Sylva; or, a Discourse of Forest-Trees, and the Propaga- 

 tion of Timber in His Majesty's Dominions. To which is an- 

 nexed, Pomona; or, an Appendix concerning Fruit Trees in 

 relation to Cider, the making and several wavs of ordering it. 

 Lond. 1664. fol. Dr. Hunter, of New York, published an ele- 

 gant edition, with copious Notes and Engravings, in 1776, 

 2 vols. 4to. 



4. Kalendarium Hortense; or, the Gardener's Almanac, di- 

 recting what he is to do monthly throughout the year, and 

 what Fruits and Flowers are in their prime. Lond. 1664. 8vo. 



5. Terra; a Philosophical Discourse of Earth, relating to the 

 Culture and Improvement of it for vegetation and the propa- 

 gaUon of Plants, as it was presented to the Royal Society, 

 April 29. 1675. Lond. 1675. fol. 



6. Pomona; a Discourse concerning Cider. Lond. 1679. fol. 



7. Monsieur de la Quintinye's Treatise of Orange-Trees, with 

 the raising of Melons, omitted in the French editions, made 

 English by J. E. Lond. 1698. 



8. Acetaria; or, a Discourse of Sallets. Lond. 1699. 8vo. 

 1660. Shar?ock, Robert, LL. D., prebendary of 



Winchester, born in Buckinghamshire in the 17th 

 century, author of various judicial and theological 

 works ; died 1634. 



1. The History of the Propagation and Improvement of Ve- 

 getables by the concurrence of Art and Nature. Written ac 

 cording to Observations made from Experience and Practice. 

 Oxford, 1660. 8vo. 



2. Improvements to the Art of Gardening; or, an exact 

 Treatise of Plants. Lond. 1694. fol. 



1662. Cowley, Abraham, an eminent English poet, 

 was born in London 1618 ; began to write poems at 

 the age of fifteen ; lived in terms of intimacy with 

 Evelyn and other eminent men of his time j went to 

 court j but at last, Spence informs us, he grew sick 

 of going there, " took a house first at Battersea and 

 then at Chertsey, always farther and farther from 

 town, where he died in 1667. His death, Pope ob- 

 serves, was owing to a mere accident. He went 

 with Dean Sprat, who afterwards published his life 

 and writings, to dine at a neighbor's house, who ac- 

 cording to the fashion of the times, made them too 

 welcome. They did not set out for their walk home 

 till it was late, and had drank so deep that they lay 



