162 



KALENDARIAL INDEX. 



mulberry, or any other sort generally propagated in 

 that way. Plant cuttings of elder ; but it is rather 

 too late for the ribes tribe. Remove raspberry 

 suckers. Remove fruit-trees to their final situations, 

 as soon as they have lost their leaves. This month, 

 in all dry situations, is the best month in the year 

 for transplanting fruit-trees. 



Ornamental trees and shrubs. Sow the seeds of 

 deciduous sorts. Lay deciduous sorts as their wood 

 ripens. Plant out in nursery rows : shelter where 

 requisite. (2206.) 



Forest trees. Sow most sorts, as directed for last 

 month ; but take care to guard against vermin. 

 Gather haws, sea and holly berries, hips, &c. and 

 take them to the rot-heap. Lay and propagate by 

 cuttings some of the timber-growing willows and 

 poplars. Plant and prune in the nursery lines as 

 required. (6983. to 7037,.) 



1 0. Trees. Permanent plantations and 

 park-scenery. 



Plant (2077.) generally as long as the weather is 

 mild ; but prefer the spring for very wet, late, bleak 

 situations. (6838. to 6840.) 



Thin, prune, and fell generally, but do not fell 

 barking-trees, or remove thinnings of the oak, larch, 

 &c. so large as to be worth barking. 



Prepare for planting, as directed for last month. 

 This is a very fit season for draining, which may be 

 continued in all weathers, when men can work out 

 of doors, till the planting season returns. In this 

 way the men may be kept on without loss either to 

 themselves or you. (6817.) 



Operations on ground should now be carried on 

 vigorously; but buildings should be completed, if 

 possible, by the middle of the month. 



NOVEMBER. 



1. Kalendar of animated nature round 

 London. 



In the first week: the buck (Cervus cstprilus) 

 grunts. 



Second week : the golden plover (Charadrius plu- 

 vialis) appears. 



Third week: snails {Helix) and slugs {Umax) 

 bury themselves. 



Fourth week : greenfinches {Fringilla montifrin- 

 gilla) flock; the winter moth {Geometra bru- 

 maria, Sam.) and the common flat-body moth 

 {Geometra applana, Sam.) appear in gardens about 

 the end of the month. 



2. Kalendar of vegetable nature round 

 London. 



In the first week : a few plants in flower, by acci- 

 dent, chiefly annuals, according to the season. 



Second week: the fungus helvella mitra appears ; 

 laurustinus in flower. 



Third week : calicanthus praecox in flower. 



Fourth week : some primroses show flowers at this 

 season; and some plants, unnaturally in flower, 

 still continue if the weather is temperate. 



3. Kitchen-garden. Culinary vege- 

 tables. 



Sow (2071.) short-topt radishes on a warm border 

 for the chance of obtaining an early spring crop. 

 (3760.) Peas and beans as directed for last month. 

 (3601. and 3616.) 



Protect (2206.) celery, endive, artichoke, seakale, 

 potatoes left in the ground to be taken up as wanted, 

 and any other outstanding edibles roots by litter or 

 leaves. Radishes, and parley with fronds of fern. 

 Cauliflowers by hoops and mats. 



Propagate (1985.) perennial herbs, if not done last 

 month. 



Transplant (2079.) any thing you have omitted in 

 October. 



Routine culture. All operations on the earth, 

 excepting digging and trenching, must be per- 

 formed only in fine dry weather. Dress artichoke 

 and asparagus beds. Take up endive, brocoli, and 

 cauliflower, and lay them flat in dry ground, or in 

 some of the ways described. (2293. &c.) Guard against 

 the damping off" of cauliflower plants, and weed all 

 seedling crops. Dig, trench, and manure. 



Take up all edible roots, which you intend to pre- 

 serve, and remove them to the root-cellar. 



Destroy (2276.) insects, and particularly snails, et 

 this season. 



Root-cellar. (2299.) Keep out the frost, if it sets in 

 severe ; and equally so water, from above or below. 



Store or seed-room. (1704.) Turn over edible roots 

 kept in the dry, as the alliaceous tribe, and pick out 

 decaying bulbs. See to your seeds. 



Ice-house. (1730.) Fill the ice-house if the frost 

 is sufficiently strong. 



4. Hardy fruit department. 



Plant (2077.) all sorts of fruit-trees, as directed for 

 last month. Choose dry weather. Water to settle 

 the earth. Stake where required, and mulch (2098.) 

 both root and stem, where you wish the trees to do 

 well. Mulching the stem is particularly useful for 

 very tall standards, and especially for the pithy- 

 wooded sorts. 



Prune (2110.) the vine, and other very hardy fruit- 

 trees ; the apricot, peach, and nectarine had better 

 be deferred till spring. 



Routine culture. Dig and dress wherever pruning 

 admits ; or where you have not been able to over- 

 take the work last month. 



Take (2290.) such apples and pears as still remain 

 on the trees during the first week; dry them well 

 in the fruit-room, and then barrel or jar up the 

 long-keeping sorts for the cellar. 



Fruit-room, (2298.) Examine such bunches of 

 grapes, and branches of plums and currants, as you 

 have hung up to preserve the fruit ; and pick off all 

 decaying berries. Look over all the other fruits, 

 and attend to medlars, quinces, and services. 



5. Culinary hot-house department. 



Glass case without artificial heat. (2686) Sow small 

 salads and peas and beans, either to transplant or to 

 remain after moving the frames. Transplant let- 

 tuces and cauliflowers from frames to be covered 

 with hand-glasses. Attend to air and removing 

 decayed leaves. 



Hot-beds and pits. (2678.) Sow small salads, force 

 mint, and other herbs. Try sowing of radishes on 

 a moderate hot-bed. Transplant lettuces from the 

 cold-frames to force them forward. Begin to force 

 asparagus six weeks before the expected demand. 

 Build mushrooms-beds ; if under cover, it will be 

 better. 



Pinery. (2697.) Moderate every stimulus to vege- 

 tation : because, for the proper well-being of plants, 

 it is requisite they should all go on in harmony. Heat, 

 air, and water, art can supply ; but light, in any 

 thing like adequate quantities for vegetation, is be- 

 yond the power of man : therefore let your heat, 

 air, and water.be in a proportion to your light. 



Forcing-houses. Some begin this month ; it so, 

 begin the usual course. Dig and dress the borders ; 

 prune, train, paint, and cleanse the house, &c. if 

 not done last month, which is much the best time. 

 (2695.) Set in strawberries. (3338.) 



6. Flower-garden. Open ground de- 

 partment. 



Plant (2077.) dried roots of border-flowers. (6502.) 

 Transplant (2979.) biennials at the beginning of the 

 month, if the weather is verv fine : but this work 

 is better deferred till spring. (fe04. and 6505.) 



Protect (2206.) tender roots by litter, leaves, tan, 

 ashes, or landing up trees by mats, or straw co- 

 vered with mats or nets. Take care of seedlings. 



