II. ENCLOSING, LAYING OUT. 



be made ; and of those preparations I am now about to 

 speak. 



22. Having fixed upon the spot for the garden, the next 

 thing is to prepare the ground. I shall suppose it to be 

 part of a field, or of a coppice : in the former case, there 

 must be ploughing and harrowing to destroy the roots 

 of all weeds most effectually : in the latter, complete 

 grubbing, so as to leave no roots of timber-trees or un- 

 derwood in the ground ; and then must come an opera- 

 tion absolutely indispensible to the making of a good 

 garden j that is to say, trenching to the depth of two 

 feet at the least 5 and, as asparagus, and some other things, 

 send their roots down to a much greater depth than two 

 feet, the whole ought to be trenched to the depth of 

 three feet, with a spit of digging at the bottom of each 

 trench, which would move the ground to the depth of 

 three feet nine inches, or thereabouts. 



23. According to the common manner of trenching, 

 the top-soil would be turned down to the bottom of the 

 trench, and the bottom soil brought up to the top j so 

 that, you have at the top, if the land be chalky, a bed of 

 sheer chalk -, if clayey, a bed of clay, and so on -, and, in 

 the very best of land, you bring up to the top, matter 

 which has never seen the sun, and which, in spite of 

 every thing that you can do in the way of tillage as well 

 as in the way of manure, will require many years before 

 it will become ground fit to bear crops in the manner 

 that it ought to bear them. I have taken away, some- 

 times, a bank which separated two fields : I have dug, 

 manured, and done every thing in my power to enrich 



