FRUITS. CHAP. 



the south side of Warwickshire at the least. The grape- 

 Tine is propagated from cuttings or from layers. A layer 

 is a shoot of the vine, laid into the ground in one part of 

 it with a little sloping cut on the under side. The 

 fore part of the shoot is then tacked to the wall, or a 

 stake is driven into the ground to tie it to. In the fall 

 of the year this is a young vine with a good root to it ; 

 but, as vines do not remove very well, the usual way is 

 to untack a shoot from the vine which grows against the 

 wall, bring it out into the border opposite. Sink a pretty 

 large flower-pot into the border, place the cut part of 

 the shoot into the flower-pot three parts filled with 

 earth, put a nice straight stick down into the flower-pot 

 at the same time, put a peg on the wall side of the pot to 

 prevent the shoot from rising up, tie the top of the shoot 

 to the stick, then fill the pot and the hole full of earth, 

 and press it down well so as to form a little dish to hold 

 the water. Soon after this is done, which ought to be 

 in the month of February, cut the fore part of the shoot 

 off to within 'a joint or two of the ground, tie it firmly to 

 the stick 5 and, when it sends out its shoots, tie one of 

 them to the stick, and cut the other away. In the fall 

 of the year, cut off the back part of the shoot which 

 attaches the tree against the wall, dig up the pot, and you 

 have a vine to remove to what spot you please, to be 

 transplanted by merely turning the ball out of the pot, 

 just as you would in the case of a pot of cucumbers or 

 melons. When transplanted thus in the fall, or any time 

 before the middle of February, cut the vine down to 

 within one or two buds of the ground, and then you 

 begin to train as hereafter to be directed. The other 

 way of propagating vines is by cuttings. You cut off, 



