FRUITS. CHAP. 



,seeri such limbs, forty feet long, supplying an abundance 

 of bearing wood to cover the wall. If you choose, you 

 may, at every three or four yards distance, cause these 

 bottom limbs to touch the ground, and, if pegged down 

 and covered with a little part of the earth, they would 

 strike root there. The upright bearing shoots should 

 be tacked to the wall in a serpentine manner, which 

 checks the flow of the sap and makes them bear better 

 all over the vine. Under glass the training and pruning 

 is precisely the same as that against a wall : two limbs 

 running along at the bottom of the glass, and the 

 shoots coming out, pruned, and tied up in the manner 

 directed in the case of the wall. Against a house, you 

 ytfant a lofty trunk. You .carry it to the height that the 

 situation requires, and train by side-shoots, just in the 

 manner directed for the trellis in the case of the espalier. 

 A roof is only a wall lying in a sloping direction, and the 

 training and pruning are precisely those directed for the 

 wall. Such is the manner of pruning vines in what is 

 called the long-pruning ; but there is a method very dif- 

 ferent, called the short pruning, which very much re- 

 sembles the method which I have described for pruning 

 the currant-tree. Instead of alternate bearing shoots, 

 brought out of the trunk, as in the espalier form, for 

 instance, you suffer these shoots, as in plate 8. Jig. 3. to 

 remain perpetually. They send out annually side-shoots. 

 These you'cut off to within one or two eyes of the limb, 

 and, out of these little artificial spurs, come, the next year, 

 shoots to bear the fruit. The vine bears only on shoots 

 that come out of the last year's wood, and therefore, these 

 spurs would become too long in a very short time; so that, 

 you must cut them out close to the limb, at the end of a 



