DISTRIBUTION 315 



the Atlantic coast, in the latter event traveling along the Pacific coast 

 to California and other Western states. Not a few species, however, 

 have made their way from the Mexican plateau into New Mexico and 

 Arizona; this is true of many Sphingidae. The butterfly A nosia berenice 

 ranges from South America into New Mexico, Arizona and ^Colorado ; 

 while many of the Libythefdae have entered Arizona and neighboring 

 states from Mexico. The chrysomelid genus Diabrotica is almost ex- 

 clusively confined to the western hemisphere and its home is clearly in 

 South America, where no less than 367 species are found. About 100 

 species occur in Venezuela and Colombia, "of which n extend into 

 Guatemala, 8 into Mexico, and i into the United States." We have 18 

 species of Diabrotica, almost all of which can be traced back to Mexico, 

 and several of them as the common D. longicornisto Central America. 

 "The common Dynastes tityus occurs from Brazil through Central 

 America and Mexico, and in the United States from Texas to Illinois 

 and east to southern New York and New England." Erebus odora 

 ranges from Ecuador and Brazil to Colorado, Illinois, Ohio, New Eng- 

 land and into Canada, though it is not known to breed in North America, 

 being in fact a rare visitor in our northern states. 



Southeast. Many South American species have made their way 

 into southern and western Florida by way of the West Indies, while 

 some subtropical species have reached Florida probably by following 

 around the Gulf coast. The semi tropical insect fauna of southern and 

 southwestern Florida, including about 300 specimens of Coleoptera, 

 according to Schwarz, is entirely of West Indian and Central American 

 origin, the species having. been introduced with their food plants, chiefly 

 by the Gulf Stream, but also by flight, as in the case of Sphingidae. 

 Ninety-five species of Hemiptera collected in extreme southern Florida 

 by Schwarz and studied by Uhler are distinctly Central American and 

 West Indian in their affinities. Indeed Uhler is inclined to believe that 

 the principal portion of the Hemiptera of the United States has been 

 derived from the region of Central America and Mexico. 



Eastern. On the Atlantic coast are many European species of 

 insects which have arrived through the agency of man. Most of them 

 have not as yet passed the Appalachian mountain system, but some have 

 worked their way inland. Thus the common cabbage butterfly (Pieris 

 rapce), first noticed in Quebec about 1860, was found in the northern 

 parts of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont five or six years later, was 

 established in those states by 1867, entered New York in 1868 and then 

 Ohio. Aphodius fossor followed much the same course from New York 



