CONIFER ALES (PINACEAE) 221 



Ketelccria (2 species, in China); Abies (20 s[:)ecics, in North America, 

 Europe, and Asia). It will be seen that this tribe forms the promi- 

 nent coniferous forest display of the northern hemisj)here, and is 

 entirely unrepresented in the southern hemisphere. 



The Taxodineac are sjiiral forms, with almost completely 

 coalescent bract and o\uliferous scale, and with wingless pollen 

 grains. They include 8 genera and approximately 13 species, as 

 follows: Sciadopitys (i species, in Japan); Sequoia (2 species, in 

 California) ; Cunninghamia (i species, in China and Japan) ; Taiwania 

 ( 105, 121) (i species, in the island of P\)rmosa); Arlhrotaxis (3 species, 

 in Tasmania and Victoria) ; Cryptomeria (i species, in northern China 

 and Japan); Taxodium (2 species, in North America and Mexico); 

 Glyptostrobus (2 species, in China). This assemblage of restricted 

 genera is evidently artificial, and is scattered through North America- 

 eastern Asia, and the Australasian region. 



The Cupressineae are distinguished from the other tribes of Pina, 

 ceae in being cyclic, and the strobili may ripen fleshy (as in Junip- 

 erus). They include 10 genera and approximately 83 species, as 

 follows: Actinostrobus (2 species, in Australasia) ; Callitris (15 species 

 in Australasia) ; Widdringtonia (5 species, in equatorial and south 

 Africa and Madagascar); Fitzroya (2 species, in southern Chili and 

 Tasmania) ; Thujopsis (i species, in Japan) ; Libocedrus (8 species, 

 in California, Chili, New Zealand, New Caledonia, New Guinea, 

 China, and Japan); Thuja (4 species, in North America, Japan, 

 China, and central Asia); Cupressus (12 species, in North America, 

 2^1exico, southeastern Europe, and temperate Asia); Chamaecyparis 

 (4 species, in North America and Japan) ; Juniperus (30 species, in 

 the mountains and extra-tropical regions of the whole northern 

 hemisphere). This assemblage also gives evidence of artificiality, 

 and presents some cases of remarkable distribution. 



The Araucarineae are spiral forms, and have completely coalescent 

 bract and ovuliferous scale (so much so as to suggest a doubt of the 

 double nature of the structure), solitary ovules, and free pendulous 

 pollen sacs. They include 2 genera and approximately 20 species, 

 as follows: Agathis (10 species, sometimes reduced to 4, in the Malay 

 Archipelago, Pacific Islands, New Caledonia, and New Zealand) ; 

 Araucaria (10 species, in South America, New Caledonia, Australia, 



