PLAN OF CAMPAIGN 211 



stables and shippons, and ashpits of all kinds. Mr. 

 Newstead found that 25 per cent, of ashpits were 

 infected with larvtE. Other breeding places were all 

 odd collections of fermenting material, vegetable or 

 animal, accumulations of manure at the wharves, bed- 

 ding for poultry, pigs, etc. Mr. Newstead lays stress 

 upon the selective affinity which flies have for human 

 dejecta for feeding purposes, and in this propensity lies 

 of course the great danger of the house fly. It cannot 

 be too clearly understood. 



As the results of this investigation Mr. Newstead 

 recommends the following plan of warfare : 



1. That stable manure and spent hops should not 

 be allowed to accumulate in the middensteads during 

 the months of May to October inclusive, for a period of 

 more than seven days. 



2. All middensteads should be thoroughly emptied 

 and carefully swept at the period stated in 1. 



The present system of partly emptying such recep- 

 tacles should in all cases be discontinued. 



The walls of middensteads should also be cemented 

 over, or, failing this, the brickwork should be sound and 

 well pointed. 



3. That all ashpits should be emptied, during 

 the summer months, at intervals of not more than 

 ten days. 



4. That the most strenuous efforts should be made 

 to prevent children defalcating in the courts and 

 passages ; or that the parents should be compelled 

 to remove such matter immediately ; and deftecation 

 in stable middens should be strictly forbidden. The 

 danger lies in the overwhelming attraction which such 



