PLAN OF CAMPAIGN 217 



and the latter, either not being carefully removed or 

 disinfected, contaminated the water and food supplies 

 of the workmen, or else the abode and ground around 

 the dwellings and villages ; it was shown especially by 

 Loos of Cairo that not only could infection take place 

 by means of infected water and food, but that the 

 young worms which had hatched out from the eggs 

 passed in the excreta, in the cane or other plantations 

 surrounding the liouses, were capable of penetrating 

 the skin of the barefooted workmen and children and 

 induce the disease. The method of prevention, the 

 plan of campaign, was also made clear from these 

 observations. Obviously the first thing is to prevent 

 the disease spreading by insisting upon the proper 

 treatment of the excreta of the workmen by erecting 

 suitable latrine accommodation, rigorously preventing 

 the pollution of the ground and plantations, etc., around 

 the villages and houses and camps ; careful treatment 

 of those suffering from the disease in hospitals and at 

 dispensaries where some intestinal vermifuge and dis- 

 infectant of approved efficacy can be obtained. By 

 the use of these drugs the w^orms are expelled from the 

 intestines and the sufferer rendered non-infectious — just 

 as, in the case of malaria, quinine is employed to kill 

 the parasites in the circulation. By the combination 

 of these wise measures splendid results have been 

 obtained in different parts of the world, and tropical 

 aneemia, like yellow fever and leprosy, will be steadily 

 driven back. In tlie West Indies tlie disease is 

 receiving very careful attention ; tlie labourers and 

 their families are, in tlie first place, very carefully 



