22 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF 



HARDTMUTH, F, 1878. 



Ann. Chem. 192, 142-146; J. Chem. Soc. 34 782; Ber. n, 1245; 



Jsb. Chem. 1878, 726. 



a-/9-DimethyI-acetosuccinic Ester and Symmetrical Dimethyl- 



succinic Acid. 



' ^-Methyl-acetosuccinic ester CH 3 



CO CH 3 



CH CH 



CO 2 R CO 2 R is treated with sodium 



and then with methyl iodid and thus -/9-dimethyl-acetosuccinic ester 

 CH 3 



CO CH 3 



C (CH 3 ) CH 



CO 2 R CO 2 R was produced. It boils at 270 to 272 and its specific 

 gravity is i 057 at 27! When saponified it gives symmetrical dimethyl 



succinic acid. CH 3 CH 3 



CH- CH 



CO 2 H CO 2 H. 



HUQQENBERQ, CARL, 1878. 



Ann* Chem. 192, 146-152; J. Chem. Soc. 34* 782; Ber. n. 1246; 



Jsb. Chem. 1878, 725. 

 -Ethyl-aceto-succinic Ester and Ethyl-succinic Acid. 



When sodacetosuccinic ester is treated with ethyl iodid -ethyl- 

 acetosucciriic ester CH 3 



CO 



C (C 2 H 5 ) CH 2 



CO 2 R CO 2 R results. It boils at 263 to 265 



and sodium will not act upon it. When this is saponified ethyl- 

 succinic acid is produced which melts at 98. The barium, calcium and 

 silver salts and ethvl ester of this acid were described. 



