726 HENRY SOTHERAN & CO., 140, STRAND, W.C., AND 43, PICCADILLY, W. 



14527 HOWE (Capt. Jacob) ALL SORTS of WHEEL-CARRIAGE, IMPROVED : wherein it is plainly 

 made appear, that a much less than the Usual Draught of Horses, etc., will be requir'd iii 

 Waggons, Carts, Coaches, and all other Wheel Vehicles, as likewise all Water Mills, Wind-Mills, 

 and Horse-Mills. This Method being found good in Practice, by the Trial of a Coach and Cart 

 already made, shews of what great Advantage it may be to all Farmers, Carriers, etc. etc. by 

 saving them one half of the Expenses . . . according to the common Method, with Explanation 

 of the STRUCTURE of a COACH and CART, according to this Method, with 5 folding copperplates, 

 sm. 4to. hf. bound (sound copy}; RARE, 1. 15* 1734 



14528 ANOTHER COPY, sewn (wanting Plate V), 1. Is 



14529 THE SAME, FURTHER ILLUSTRATED with 2 copperplates of a ' Gravel Cart ' and a 



'Rolling Cart' from the ' Gentleman's Magazine', hf. smooth maroon morocco extra, uncut, t. e. g. 



(FINE COPY), 2. 105 



This copy fetched 3. Is at auction in 1905. 



This work, which is not noticed by Lowndes or Poggendorff, contains the important suggestion of reducing friction by 

 letting the axle run on the top of friction wheels, which in their turn have axles running on other wheels. This suggestion 

 does not seem to have been adopted, but is undoubtedly the forerunner of ball-bearings. It was however used in the 

 friction wheels of Atwood's machine to reduce friction to a minimum. The work also describes contrivances ' to take off 

 the friction of a truck of any single, double, treble, etc. blocks,' 'to diminish the friction of a pendulum by the application 

 of a single sector,' 'a method of cancelling the friction of all wheel-carriages,' etc. The author also claims that he was 

 the first to discover that friction does not depend on the extent of the surfaces in contact, but on the pressure. 



The ' Rolling Cart ' depicted in the third copy is a prototype of the modern road roller. 



14530 NAVIGATION IMPROVED : containing an exact Account of the FLUID QUADRANT for the 



LATITUDE ; or Quadrants reduc'd to the utmost Degree of Portableness, whereby Quadrants of a 

 small Radius are contriv'd to be equally useful, and as exact as the largest Quadrant now in Use, 

 etc. etc. ; and ESSAY on the DISCOVERY of the LONGITUDE, by a NEW INVENTION of an EVER- 

 LASTING HOROMETER, etc., with 4 folding copperplates, sm. 8vo. (pp. 59), sewn (very rare), 

 12s 1725 



The author claims to have overcome the difficulty of taking observations in cloudy or misty weather by his Fluid 

 Quadrant, which does not require the observation of the horizon. ' Till the Invention of this Instrument, no Altitudes at 

 Sea could ever be taken to Exactness, nor no Lunar Observations, till now, could ever be exact enough for discovering the 

 Longitude '(P- VIII). 



The above work was quite unknown to Watt and Allibone, who only mention the author's ' Wheel Carriages'; nor is 

 there any account of him in D. N. B., or other works of reference. 



14531 HOWE (John) INTRODUCTION to the DOCTRINE of FLUXIONS, 2nd Edition, with Additions 

 and Alterations, with numerous diagrams, 8vo. old calf (rare). 8s fid 1757 



Interesting as the earliest elementary treatise on the fluxional calculus. The above edition is divided into the Direct 

 and Inverse Method of Fluxion (Differential and Integral Calculus), and contains an appendix of Miscellaneous Questions 

 with their Answers. 



14532 HOWE (B. C., Trinity Coll , Cantab.) MEMOIR on ABEL'S THEOREM, roy. 4to. (pp. 48), sewn, 

 with author's inscr., 2s Qd 1881 



Presenting the subject ' in a shortened and simplified form.' P. 1. 



-14533 ROWELL (George Augustus) CONJECTURES on the CAUSE of RAIN, STORMS, the AURORA, 

 and MAGNETISM, with a Suggestion for CAUSING RAIN at WILL, 8vo. (pp. 16), sewn (scarce), 

 4s Cambridge, 1840 



The author would cause rain ' by raising electrical conductors to a cloud by means of balloons, withdrawing the sur- 

 charge of electricity, and causing rain to fall.' (p. 9.) There is no copy of the above pamphlet in the R. Met. Society's 

 Library Catalogue (1891). 



14534 ELECTRIC METEOROLOGY : a Letter to the Earl of Carnarvon on the CAUSE of RAIN, 



Storms, the Aurora and Terrestrial Magnetism ; also a Paper on the Excavative Force in 

 Dynamite Explosions, and on the Nature of Gases, with folding chart and plate, 8vo. cl., 8s 6d 



privately printed, Oxford, 1887 



Bound up with the above are numerous pamphlets and brochures by the author on the same subject, published between 

 1866 and 18SS. 



14535 ESSAY on the CAUSE of RAIN and its allied Phenomena, with folding chart, 8vo. cl., 5s 



ibidem, 1859 



The author objects to the cyclonic theory of storms, and advances one of his own, mainly based on the quantity of 

 atmospheric electricity. 



He was a very interesting personality. A native of Oxford, he was the son of a cabinet maker, to which trade, and that 

 of a paperhanger, he was brought up, while his parents at the same time excited in him a passion for meteorology and 

 astronomy. Befriended by Professor Baden Powell (q. v. ante), he eventually became an assistant at the new University 

 Museum, and pursued his scientific interests till he died an old man in 1892. 



14536 ROWLAND (David) BRIEF DESCRIPTION of the PATENT DOUBLE SEXTANT, and CIRCLE, 

 with which Lunar Distances, and one of the Altitudes, can be simultaneously observed, and any 

 Arc to the Extent of 240 may be measured with the utmost Accuracy, with front., cr. 8vo. (pp.6), 

 sewn, 4:8 Qd 1834 



The merits of this invention, which consists in the application of a second index and horizon glass, with a graduated 

 arc, to the common sextant or circle, were acknowledged by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty by a ' handsome 

 gratuity '. 



14537 ROWLAND (Henr 7 Augustus, Johns Hopkins Univ.) On the MECHANICAL EQUIVALENT 

 of HEAT, with subsidiary Researches on the VARIATION of the MERCURIAL from the AIR 

 THERMOMETER, and on the VARIATION of the SPECIFIC HEAT of WATER, with plate and 9 

 diagrams, roy. 8vo. (pp. 201), sewn (SCARCE), 12s Cambridge [Mass.], 1880 



A valuable complement to Joule's researches (v: Nos. 9919, 9921, and 9924-5 ante). 



' One of the most accurate determinations on the mechanical equivalent of heat (.-/(?) was made by H. A. Rowland. 

 The part of the work which received greater attention than Joule had given it, was the subject of thermometry. Joule 

 used Mercury thermometers. Rowland, for convenience, used a mercury thermometer too, but compared it with an air 

 thermometer and then reduced his data to the absolute scale. Rowland paid attention also to variations in the specific 

 heat of water fc/ different temperatures. Starting with the water at different temperatures, he obtained by friction of 

 water in a calorimeter different values for the mechanical equivalent. This variation in the values he attributed to 

 changes in the specific heat of water. The latter was found by him to reach a minimum at 30 C.'Prof. Cajori. Added 

 is an ' Appendix containing the Comparison with Dr. Joule's Thermometer' (pp. 8). 



