28 PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 



example of aberrancy rather as the representative of a distinct section of the 

 Aperturati. Its short hinge and fimbriate surface indicate its relations to the 

 Finibriati, while the pronounced dichotomization of its plications is without 

 precedent among other Devonian Spirifers. The fasciculate effect produced by 

 the duplication of the plications is suggestive of the Striatus-cameratus group. 

 The species is, in fact, an early representative of that type of structure, upon 

 it being superinduced the characters of the fimbriate type (Delthyris). 



V. OsTiOLATi. Typical examples : Spirifer ostiolatus, Schlotheim, S. Oweni, 

 Hall. 



1839. Dtlthyris, Cokkad. Geol. Survey N. Y. ; Pal. Dept., Thii-d Ann. Kept., p. 65. 



1842. Delthyris, Comsad. Joui-nal Acad. Nat. Set. Philadelphia, vol. viii, pp. 262, 263. 



1843. Drlthyris, Hai.l. Oeology of N. Y. ; Rept. Fourth Dist.. pp. 206, 207, figs. 1, 2 ; p. 208, fig. 8. 



1843. Spirifer, Castklnau. EBsai sur le Systdme Silurien de I'Amfirique Septentr., p. 40, pi. xiv, 



fig. 16; p. 41, pi. xii, fig. 6. 



1844. Delthyris, Owkn. Rept. Geol. Expl. Inwa. Wisconsin and Illinois, p. 69, pi. xii, fig. 9. 

 1847. Spirjfer, Yandbll and Siicmard. Contributions to Geology of Kentucky, i>p. 10, 14. 



18.'>2. Spirifer, Owbk. Geol. Survey Wisconsin, Iowa and Minnesota, p. 586, pi. iii, figs. 2, 6; p. 585, 

 pi. iii, figs. 8, 4, 8. 



1857. Spiriftr, Hail. Tenth Ann. Rept. N. Y. Stale Cab. Nat. Hist , pp. 128, 129, 132, 135, 154, 155, 



156, l!)8, 161, 163, 164. 



1858. Delthyris, Roubks. Geol. Survey Pennsylvania, vol. ii, p. 828; figs. 669, 670. 



1868. Spirifer, Hali. Geol. Survey Iowa, vol. i, pt. ii, p. 508, pi. iv, fig. 7 ; p. 509, pi. iv, tig. 8 ; 



p. 510, pi. v, fig. 1 ; p. 520, pi. vii, fig. 7. 

 1863. Spir\fera, Billings. Geology of Canada, p. 386, figs. 422o, 6. 



1867. Spirifera,VlAU.. Palspontology of N. Y., vol. iv, p. 197, pi. xxix, figs. 1-8 ; p. 198, i>l. xxiv, 



figs. 9-18; p. 209, pi. xxxi, figs 14-19; p. 211, pi. xxxi, figs. 11-13, 20-30; p. 220, 

 pi. xxviii, figs. 12-16 ; p. 223, pi. xxxvi, figs. 1-13 ; p. 226, pi. xxxvii, figs. 10-20; 

 p. 227, pi xxxviii, figs. 1-25; pi. xxxviii*, figs. 12-18; p. 2.S0, pi. xxxviiia, 

 figs. 23-32 ; p. 234, pi. xxxv, fig. 24 ; p. 292, pi. xxx, figs. 16-20. 



1868. Spirifera, Mbkk and Wobtubn. Geol. Survey Illinois, vol. iii, p 433, pi. xiii, fig. 8. 

 1868. Spirifer, Mbkk and Worthbn. Geol. Survey Illinois, vol. iii, p. 414, plate x, fig. 1. 

 1878. Sjnrifera, Millkr. Pi-oc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 222. 



1880. Spirifera, Wiiitk. Second Ann. Rept. Bureau Stat, and Geol. Indiana, p. 503, pi. iv, figs. 1-3; 



p. 504, pi. iv, figs. 4, 5. 



1881. Spirifera, Whitb. Tenth Ann. Rept. State Geologist Indiana, p. 135, pi. iv, figs. 1-3 ; p. 136, 



pi. iv, figs. 4. 5. 

 1889. Spirifera (CyHina), Whitkibld. Geol. Wisconsin, vol. iv, p. 329, pi. xxv, figs. 25, 26 ; p. 329, 

 pi. xxvi, fig. 3; p. 330, pi. xxvi, fig. 4 ; p. 331, pi. xxvi, figs. 1, 2. 



1883. Spirifera, Calvih. American Journal of Science, vol. xxv, p. 433. 



1884. Spirifera, Walcott. Palajontology of the Eureka District, p. 137, pi. xiv, fig. 10. 



1885. Spirifera. Clarkb. Bull. No. 16, U. 8. Geol. Survey, p. 31, pi. iii, fig. 12. 



1888. Spirifera, Calviw. Bull. Laboratories State Univei-sity Iowa, p. 19. 



1889. Spirifera, NBrtBLROTa. Kentucky Fossil Shells, p. 105, pi. viii, figs. 1-8 ; p. 107, pi. ix, figs. 1-7 ; 



p. 11.1, pi. vi, figs. 1-7, 9, 11-17; p. 117, pi. vi, figs. 8, 10, 18-20; p. 123, pi. xi, 

 figs. 1-5 ; p. 125, pi. xxvi, figs. 2-5 ; p. 126, pi. vii, figs. 1-10. 



