THE L UIS VILLE LIMESTONES. 141 



In the State of Ohio, Dr. Newberry recognizes the following : 



Hamilton shale. 

 Hamilton limestone. 



(Sandusky limestone. 

 Delhi bed. 

 Columbus limestone. 



In 1847, Messrs. Yandell and Shumard published the following table of 

 formations at the Falls of the Ohio, as determined by Dr. Clapp of New 

 Albany : 



f Subcrystalline limestone, 8 feet. 



{ Water limestone, . 12 feet, =20 feet. 



Upper limestone. 

 Shell limestone. 



f Subcrystalline limestone, with many characteristic shells 

 and trilobites, and a few corals 16 feet. 



Coralline limestone. < 



Upper Coralline, to Catenipora [beds], composed mostly of 

 corals, and destitute of shells ... 20 feet. 



Lower Coralline — corals mostly different from 

 those above, and very few shells; the upper 

 part alone visible on the Falls, 20 feet, = 40 feet. 



They also describe these several beds, giving certain fossils in each as deter- 

 mined by them. They recognize the lower beds as equivalent to the Niagara 

 group of New York, and cite several species of fossils as identical with the 

 New York forms. The beds above, with their fossil contents, are treated in 

 some detail, and the waterlime is described as resting on the Pentremital 

 stratum, bearing Pentremites ( = Olivanites = Nucleocrinus) Verneuili. The water- 

 lime is represented as covered by a siliceous bed containing Chonetes, 

 Loxonema, "a small Orthoceratite," etc., and immediately above this comes a 



beds b«low, but neither of them, apparently, co-extensive with these lower members of the series. The 

 characteristic fossils of the Corniferous or Onondaga limestones do not occur in either of these higher 

 memlwiti. It is true, that the extent and value of these beds have not been determined ; but they represent 

 the deposits and the fauna of a changed condition of the ocean bed supervening the coral-growing period, 

 and are entitled to recognition in any critical subdivision of the series. 



