THE TREES OF NORTH CAROLINA. 77 



highly esteemed for pickles and catsup. The hnsk 

 is employed in domestic use for dyeing woollens. 

 This is a pleasant shade-tree, and mingles well with 

 others about a residence. 



2. White Walnut. (J. cinerea, Linn.) — This is 

 the common name of the tree in the section of State 

 where it grows, though that of Butternut^ applied to 

 it in the Northern States, is not unknown. It is 

 found upon bottom lands and river banks in the 

 valleys of the Mountains. I have not met with it 

 east of Wilkes, but am informed that it is occasion- 

 ally found as far down the country as Orange and 

 Randolph. Its general aspect is very much that of 

 the Black Walnut^ but it is a smaller tree, and when 

 in fruit can be at once recognized by the Nuts, which 

 are about twice as long as broad. When not in 

 fruit, the pitchy clamminess of the leaf-stems and 

 young branchlets, together with the smooth gray 

 bark of the branches, will readily distinguish it. In 

 favorable localities at the North, this tree attains the 

 height of 50 feet, with a diameter of 3 or more ; but 

 with us it is rather smaller. The timber is of a red- 

 dish hue, not of much strength, but durable and 

 free from attacks of worms. It is used in lioht cabi- 

 net work and in the panels of carriages, as it is light, 

 not liable to split, and receives paint remarkably 

 well. It is also used somewhat in the lower frame- 

 work of buildings and for the various purposes in 

 rural economy which require material not easily 

 affected by heat and moisture. The bark is some- 



