54 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 



2. SUBGENUS HYELAPHUS. 



Hyelaphus, Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 181, 

 1846; Gray, Cat. Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 215, 1852, Cat. 

 Ruminants Brit. Mus. p. 79, 1872. 



Closely allied, at least in its typical form, to the preceding 

 subgenus (Axis), but the build lower and stouter, the pedicles 

 of the antlers longer, the face-glands shallower, and the walls 

 of the glandular clefts on the fronts of the hind-pasterns 

 clothed with long hairs, which project beyond the margins. 

 Auditory bullte very large ; coat either spotted in summer or 

 uniformly coloured at all seasons, darker, at least typically, 

 on under-parts than on back. 



In the long antler-pedicles and large auditory bullae the 

 group shows near affinity to the rusine C. Iculili. 



The range extends from India through Burma and 

 Tenasserim to Siam, Annam, and the western Philippines. 



The species are distinguishable as follows : 



A. Coat typically spotted in summer; face longer... C. porcinus. 



B. Coat uniformly coloured at all seasons ; face 



shorter C. cala mianensis. 



II. CEEVUS (HYELAPHUS) POECINUS. 



Cervus porcinus, Zimmermann, Spec. Zool. Gcogr. p. 552, 1777 ; 



F. Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Mamm. vol. iii, pis. 330-832, 1824; 



H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 197, 1827 ; 



J. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 454, 1829 ; Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. 



Regne Anim., Mamm. p. 172, 1842; Garrod, Proc. Zool. Soc. 



1877, p. 17 ; Brooke, ibid. 1878, p. 902 ; Flower and Garson, Cat. 



Osteol. Mus. R. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 290, 1884 ; Lydekker, Gat. 



Foss. Mamm. Brit. Mus. pt. ii, p. 104, 1885, Horns and Hoofs, 



p. 301, 1893, Deer of All Lands, p. 175, 1898, Great and Small 



Game of India, etc. p. 217, 1900, Game Animals of India, etc. 



p. 241, 1907; Flower and Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 320, 



1901 ; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 178, 1891 ; 



Blanford, Fauna Brit. India, Mamm. p. 549, 1891; Ward, 



Records of Big Game, ed. 2, p. 10, 1896; Evans, Journ. Bombay 



Nat. Hist. Soc. vol. xiv, p. 310, 1902 ; Bentham, Asiatic Horns 



and Antlers Ind. Mus. p. 82, 1908. 

 Cervus pumilio, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 120, 



1827 ; /. B. Fischer, Synop. Mamm. p. 621, 1829. 

 Cervus (Axis) porcinus, H. Smith, op. cit. vol. v, p. 312, 1827. 

 Cervus (Axis) pumilio, H. Smith, op. cit. p. 313, 1827. 

 Axis porcinus, Jardine, Naturalist's Libr., Mamm. vol. iii, p. 169, 



pi. xiv, 1835 ; Jerclon, Mamm. India, p. 262, 1867 ; Sterndale, 



