CEiiviD.i; 155 



with the exception of the pudus, in a single genus, while 

 others, like Gray, adopt several generic divisions. The 

 former course has hitherto been followed by the present 

 writer, but now that Hippocamelus is generally adopted for 

 the guemals, this involves the use of that highly objection- 

 able term, as being the earliest, for the whole group, a course 

 he is not prepared to follow. Under these circumstances, 

 the group is split up into six genera. 



The range of the present genus,* which is typified by an 

 upper preniolar tooth from a cavern-deposit described as 

 0. spelaeits, extends from Alaska to Peru, Bolivia, and northern 

 Brazil. 



The species here recognised are distinguishable as 

 follows : 



A. Metatarsal gland (when present) small and circu- 



lar ; tail long ; ears moderate 0. virginianus. 



B. Metatarsal gland elongated ; tail shorter ; ears 



very large. 



a. Metatarsal gland very long; tail small, 



black at tip all round 0. hemiomts. 



b. Metatarsal gland shorter ; tail larger, black 



above, white below 0. columbianus. 



I. ODOCOILEUS ViRGINIANUS. 



" Cervus darna americanus," Erxleben, Syst. Eegn. Anim. p. 312, 

 1777 ; not a technical name, teste Allen, Amer. Nat. vol. xxxiv, 

 p. 318, 1900, Osgood, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, vol. xv, p. 87, 

 1902, and Field Mus. Zool. Pub. vol. x, p. 43, 1912, and Thomas, 

 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, vol. xi, p. 585, 1913. 



Cervus virginianus, Boddaert, Elenchus Anim. vol. i, p. 136, 1785 ; 

 Baird, Mamm. N. America, p. 649, 1857 ; H. Smith, Griffith's 

 t Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 127, 1827 ; Caton, Antelope and 

 Deer of America, p. 100, 1877. 



Cervus clavatus, H. 'Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 132, 

 1827 ; Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. Handl. 1844, p. 183, 1846. 



Cervus (Mazama) virginianus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, 

 vol. v, p. 315, 1827. 



Cervus (Mazama) clavatus, H. Smith, loc. cit. 1827. 



Odocoileus spelaeus, Rafinesque, Atlantic Journ. vol. 1, p. 109, 1832. 



Dorcelaphus virginianus, Gloger, Handbuch Naturgesch. p. 140, 1841. 



Mazama virginiana, Jardine, Naturalist's Libr., Mamm. vol. iii, p. 176, 

 1835. 



* As the name Odocoileus is etymologically bad, emendations 

 have been proposed, and objections raised to its use in every form. 



