CATTLE AND 'DAIRY FARMING. 49 



FATTENING AMERICAN CATTLE IN ENGLAND. 



We see from these extracts what importance is attached to the sub- 

 ject of feeding in the country that is supposed to possess the best 

 breeds of cattle in the world, and how thoroughly this subject is under- 

 stood there. I submit these extracts because example is worth more 

 than precept in matters of this kind. When I speak of England, how- 

 ever, in this connection, the same remarks apply equally to Europe en- 

 tire. Perhaps nothing would go further to convince the American of 

 his folly in the parsimony of his feeding, and the want of attention he 

 gives his cattle, than to tell him that it frequently happens that the cattle 

 he ships to England and to the Continent are taken in hand by Euro- 

 pean stock raisers after arrival and the European system of care and 

 food applied to them and double profits are realized on them, when the 

 American might have pocketed this by the same attention on his part, 

 and at less expense, as his food is cheaper. If I had the space I might 

 offer a hundred illustrations of this that have come within my own ob- 

 servation. ThiSj however is the most satisfactory one : 



AN AMERICAN OX. 



In the first importation of live stock from America into Cardiff was a "white Short- 

 horn ox, in the month of July. Ho was transferred by his purchaser to the pastures 

 of Grange Farm, Mumhles, near Swansea, at 45. Here with an English cow for 

 his companion he made good progress, won a prize in 1878, and at Christmas weighed 

 80 score 18 pounds, realizing for his feeder 67 8s. 4d!. The London Standard. 



Persuasion, scolding, and argument are unnecessary to show our peo- 

 ple their folly in their neglect of cattle when we have such examples as 

 this. At a recent exhibition in Paris a Canadian cow was universally 

 admired, and when I inquired to what breed she belonged, the French- 

 man only shrugged his shoulders and said she came from America as 

 common cattle, and that he had polished her up. "'What did you do for 

 her ?" 1 i nquired. i 'Well," says he, f <I c urried and brushed her every morn- 

 ing because she was dirty and rough ; I fed her on the best cotton-seed 

 cake, bran and hay, and kept her in the stall all the time. She has borne 

 one calf since I have had her. As a milker she is not a success, but the 

 calf will be on exhibition at the fair two years hence, and I am sure will 

 take a premium ; it is the first calf in France." The food enumerated here 

 (indeed, all food) is two to one cheaper in the United States than it is 

 in Europe. This must be, since we supply Europe with the articles that 

 they value most as cattle food. With such facts placed before our peo- 

 ple, it seems to me they can see wherein they fail, and that they have 

 untold treasures in their home breeds of cattle if they will go to work 

 properly to develop them. To what purpose is it that they should come 

 to Europe and pay exorbitant prices for cattle if they allow them to 

 deteriorate, as the above report shows they do ? 



EXERCISE FOR COWS. 



Mr. L. B. Arnold says that the amount of exercise which an adult cow requires is 

 but very little, and all she gets beyond what is necessary for her health occasions a 

 draft upon her system which must bo made up by extra feed or a loss in her milk 

 product, or perhaps both effects may bo apparent. Every expenditure of force, whether 

 in locomotion or labor, is made at the expense of the food consumed by the animal 

 exerting the force. There is no evasion of this rule, and he who causes his animals, 

 whether milch cowa or beasts of burden, to make exertions that could be avoided is 

 wast ing his means of profit. The man who, having a given load to move twenty miles, 

 takes a path that will require twenty-five miles to reach his destination, is not more 

 unwise than the dairyman who causes his cows to do 25 per pent, more traveling and 



H. Ex. 51 4 



