THE UNITED a KINGDOM. 



103 



race which are famous for their symmetry and meat-producing quali- 

 ties ; others are equally famous for their milk, and in some cases, where 

 the owner of a herd has made it his study for a number of years to 

 breed from milkers only and to produce as large a yield as he possibly 

 can, the herd has become marvelously prominent in this qualification, 

 as in the case of the one to which reference is made below. A year or 

 two ago a member of the British Farmers' Association offered a chal- 

 lenge cup for the best dairy-farm record, and although records have 

 been sent in by farmers and land-owners in different parts of the coun- 

 try, and with regard to different breeds, so far none have equaled that 

 which was sent in by the Earl of Warwick during the past year (1883), 

 although, unfortunately, from a technical error it was not able to com- 

 pete for the prize. 



Wonderful Shorthorn dairy record. The steward, Mr. Tough, com- 

 mences his record with a statement as to the analytical value of his 

 milk. On June 2 it was tested by Mr. Bostock Hill, the county analyst, 

 and was as follows: solids, 9.09; fat, 4.37; total, 13.46. It was again 

 tested June 29, showing an increase of .21 per cent., while the fats re- 

 mained in statu quo: solids, 9.31; fat, 4.36; total, 13.67. On August 4 

 the solids showed a considerable falling off, while the fats were propor- 

 tionately increased : solids, 9.12; fat, 5.21; total, 14.33. 



The Society of Analysts have adopted 9 per cent, as the limit for 

 solids not fat, while Professor Wanklyn suggested 9.5, the limit for 

 total solids being 11.5. 



The record refers to the Shorthorn cows, four of which were four 

 years old, four five years old, and two six years : 



* Only one cow maintained her position. 



t The highest yield was of a five-year old cow, calved April 2, which gave in twelve weeks 173, 157, 

 1774, 198, 1854, 184, 183, 170, 178, 177, 162, 158, or 25 quarts a day for 84 daya. 



t The average is below 114 for the lot, which is a distinct refutation of the value of the Shorthorn as 

 a butter cow. 



An average of 768, a decidedly disappointing quantity. 



|| A total ot 453J pounds from 13,761 pounds of milk, or about 1,030 gallons of cream and showing an 

 average of butter to milk of about 3.29, and cream 43.98. The quantities of skim milk are also shown, 

 and bear a fair proportion to the quantities of new milk used. 



It appears that the milk was in part sold and partly set for cream and 

 churned. The quantity sold was so large that the cows yielded, per 

 cow, from this source alone for the seventeen weeks of the trial from 

 13 to 18 5s., No. 3, the big milker, claiming the latter high figure, 

 which is marvelous even without the sum to her credit for butter ann 



