THE UNITED KINGDOM. 197 



yield to domestication, when they become very docile on receiving kind 

 treatment. They give rich milk and a fair quantity, but from their high 

 and profitable feeding qualities they are not used in regular dairies, but 

 supply home consumption and cottagers (cotters). When prepared for 

 our fat shows they scale great weights. Their long coats of hair, for- 

 midable horns, and general wild appearance, render them very attrac- 

 tive objects and add great interest to the exhibition. These/ animals 

 cross well with the Shorthorn bull as well as the Galloway. The pro- 

 duce, invariably surpassing the dam in weight, are well formed and 

 often combine in a greater degree the milking and feeding properties. 

 Argyleshire is the stronghold of Scots. The breed is not, however, con- 

 fined to that county, but extends to the rugged heathery hills surround- 

 ing, where scarcely any other kinds of cattle can exist/ 



Live weight : Pon , :dg . 



Fully matured ox, at Smithfielcl show, December, 18S3 (offal, loss than 8 

 pounds to the score) g 090 



Cow or heifer at Smithfield show, December, 1883 ".", l' 480 



Dead weight : 



Fully matured (average) steer when fed for market on grass GOO 



Heifers when fed for market on grass 500 



Annual average ....2,500-3,000 



To 1 pound of butter 22 



To 1 pound of cheese "9 



Soil. Light loam, clay, and granite. 

 Climate. Mean temperature, 48 4'. 

 Color. Red, black, and dun. 



THE SUSSEX. 



The Sussex are now ranking among the improved breeds,' and possess 

 all the essential character of the Devons, but resemble more the South 

 than the North Devons, being larger in size and coarser in form. The 

 breed may not have been so strictly kept from foreign admixture of 

 blood, yet it exhibits as great a uniformity of character as any other 

 breed. They exhibit a slightly nervous temperament, and are not very 

 heavy milkers, but are good grazers, and, when fully matured, attain 

 considerable weight. They require four years before they reach ful 1 ma- 

 turity. This breed has its warm admirers as well as prejudiced oppo- 

 nents; it may not have obtained that public favor to cause its intro- 

 duction into other parts of the country. This is not from any inferiority 

 of the breed, but because the same attention has not been employed 

 in calling forth the properties most generally valued in any breed of 

 cattle. It is not until comparatively a recent date that the promoters 

 of this breed have set to work in good earnest to remove defects and 

 supply symmetry, quality, and early maturity. Those efforts have been 

 wonderfully successful. The show of reds at the royal agricultural 

 meeting, held in York, in July last, far surpassed any former show for 

 quality, refined improvement, and development of important parts. 

 Sussex being chiefly arable land, the work was formerly done both by 

 bullocks and heifers, for which work they are admirably adapted, com- 

 bining as they- do weight of body with muscular activity. They are 

 still used in the stiff soils of the weald. From four to eight are worked 

 together, commencing at three years and worked, until five or six, when 

 they are fattened for the butcher. The distinctive color is red. but of a 

 less florid shade than the North Devon. They have long, but not coarse 

 horns : the hair and handling is not equal to that of the Devon, but 



