GERMANY. 395 



Lnzern, and Uri. Tin's race, like the Allgauer, is much resorted to to 

 improve the cattle of Bavaria and Wurtemberg. The crossing of the 

 Allgauer and the Schwytzer stock, too, is much practiced to produce a 

 still heavier and more milk-yielding race. 



The Schwytzcr race is the heaviest and most valuable of the brown- 

 gray races, the cows reaching a weight of 1,400 to 1,650 pounds, and the 

 bulls ofteu weighing more than 2,GOO pounds. The bones are massive 

 and heavy, head heavy and broad, mouth large, horns not very fine, of 

 light color, with black tips, ears very large with a yellowish bush of hair 

 protruding from them. The color of the animals ranges from a dark 

 brown to a light gray, with no variation except that the color lightens 

 along the back and at the feet and mouth. The hair is fine, shining, 

 and smooth, the skin soft, but not thin. The neck is strong but not 

 short, dew-lap very large, chest deep, back straight and long. With 

 proper feeding, the cows of this race are the best milk givers of all the 

 mountain races, the milk, moreover, being very rich. The oxen become 

 very heavy, are excellent draft-animals, and fatten easily. The calves 

 of this race are the heaviest of all the mountain races. It is claimed by 

 some that it is difficult to acclimate the race, which, if true, may be be- 

 cause it is difficult to find in other countries pastures so rich and abun- 

 dant as those of their native cantons. 



XIII. THE YOICHITLANDER; EACE.* 



This type of cattle is found in Saxony, Anhalt,*in parts of Bavaria, 

 and Bohemia. A race of less than medium size, they do not excel in 

 anything except a certain hardiness, which enables them to thrive on 

 scanty feed and still to furnish somewhere from 1,200 to 1,400 liters of 

 milk per year. The oxen are easily fattened, and the meat is of very 

 desirable quality. 



XIY. THE ANGKELN EACE. 



This race sits in the low countries of Schleswig, between the German 

 and the Baltic Oceans. There is considerable of stock-breeding in that 

 country of rich and expansive meadows, and large numbers of young 

 cows are annually sent from there into Mecklenburg, Holstein, and 

 Pomerania to stock the dairies of those countries. They are red- 

 brown, of medium size, frugal feeders, and good milk givers. A branch 

 of this race, called Tondern cattle, is much sought by large estate-own- 

 ers, because heavier and better built and in other respects superior to 

 the ordinary run of the race. 



XV. THE PODOLISCHE EACE. 



Originally imported from Southern Eussia, this race has become chiefly 

 remarkable from the fact that it has brought the disease known as 

 "rinderpest" into Germany, on which account it is still looked upon 

 with distrust. But its meat is so desirable, and its power of resistance 

 against disease and the influences of climate so great, that nevertheless 

 it is much sought. The percentage of deaths among this cattle, in case 

 of the prevalence of "rinderpest," is less by two-thirds than among 

 other races, while foot and mouth disease and lung diseases are very 

 rare among them. It is not much known in the interior of Germany as 



* For portrait of Voightland cow, see report on Voightland cattle,by Consul Bullock, 

 of Annaberg. 



