43-i CATTLE AXD DAIRY FAKM1MG. 



tance of this city tret - routs ])or liter for their milk, retailors soiling 

 it i' i ''I to U cents j in the i.-oiintry the usual contract pi ice is L'j cents 

 per liter. 



r>utfi)\ Tlie <rood reputation of Silesian butter dates, it is asserted, 

 from the middle a.u'es. and is still deserved. As an article, that \vill keep, 

 a::d. then-fore, adap.ed for exporting, it is considered equal to the 

 ]\leek!enber,u' and Danish butter. The mountain butter .it present com- 

 mands the highest price in this market. Good table butter costs from 

 L'S. 1 , to ;),>'[: cents per pound. In midwinter the. price is frequently 

 higher. 



ChecNC. riieese-making' has not attained any Teat ])erfection or 

 proportions, and little technical skill has been developed by the manu- 

 facturers, resides some imitations of Swiss, Limbuiger, and Dutch 

 C!K ese. small Silesian cheeses, called " koppenkiuse," are produced. 

 The>e are sold mainly in the province and in the Benin retail market. 

 Foreign chee.-e, notably English, Dutch, French, Swiss, Italian, and 

 llussiaii. is sold here in considerable quantities. 



CATTLE FAIKS IX SILESIA. 



In recent years cattle fairs, initialed by the Government, have* done 

 much toward improving the breeds of cattle in Sih-Ma. as well as other 

 parts of Prussia. A lively competition (Vr the premiums offered for 

 the best bulls, cows, and oxen lias been incited among' the owners of 

 the larger estates by these exhibitions. 



CATTLE mPOHTS AXD EXPORTS OF SILESIA. 



Although many foreign cattle are imported forbn edinir and dairy pur- 

 poses, but few animals, are purchased abroad for f<i; teiiia^. Some lean, 

 coarse eal tie are brought from the ea>t ami southeast by dealers to be 

 laiti ned for the market, but their number is com para lively insi^miicant. 

 Cat lie a:c exi.orteil hence to Saxony. Berlin, the western and l.'hine prov- 

 ince -. and some to Hamburg. From Hamburg they some! imes ^o to 

 Filmland, but lh( k shi])mcnts to that country from heie disvc.r are inl're- 

 cjnei^. The export <;{' fat entile from Silesia amounis to fr<$Mi ,"H>,O()() to 

 '70.<;00 head ]>er a.nnum. Besides the best (imdilies of slaughter cattle, 

 son>e woi'kinjj;" oxen ai e also exported. A:iio:i!!' the best caitle lor ex- 

 port heii'-e are the ( )ideiibn; :.; breed lor working oxen, h.iviiti;' hard 

 jjoofs and ^K^at endiu'ance; the Wilsteruiarsch (Ilolstein) and Dulch 

 (ro.-^. an abiii:d;;iM j e oi' milk and ;:ood nu-;;t 5 ShcH'thorn ar;l Oldenburg 

 cross, t !M- jbi n.( r making mncli fat t he lat ier m;;/h mcnv, and combined 

 ])vodnein;.: the best bnlrli'-r's meat. The Shorlli.U'n has a soil hoof, 

 disqualify iu^' 't as : \ .(>> i;er. 



'i he Jiei;;hi l';om hci c i t o 1 i ambu r<r for a carload of 10 to 1.3 cattle of 

 an i:\eia.uc weight of 1. <10{) ]>o'.in<ls is .*}..")(). including fare >!' ;! icndaut. 

 r li!ii''. L'l lo ,'iii hoiiis. r j he cattle are clost'ly t"tlu ; vd to t he lioiH 1 ol ilio 

 car. ai'ii are DIM her fed nor watered on the road. 



As a. I'iile. l!;e l;-:.t sl;;u;j liter ra.ttle are purchased by the dealers lor 

 export, h-avinii t lie poorer dcscript ions for c{Hisnmpti(Mi \vi; h;:i toe prov- 

 ii:c'-. At llieL.st cratlle imirkot in this rity ,'!(>! hi ad \vere ofiei'ed, 1 17 

 be i :;;.:' oxen. -17 cows. f .i'h(i ]>ri<'es )>a:d (slauirhiered wi'i-Jit) \\ero 

 $>14.()1 !o .vl-J.js per cwt., < \einsivt 1 of market lees or oeir.n tax, for 

 ' prime ; '< i! i le, $1 1 (>i to .( ; 1!.' ; () r/ ir metln:m. and >;\ >('>(> !o ^7.11: ior 

 ]'()! lots. J,\|io;t cattle felrh on the farms, live wei :iit. .^l) ."J jiercwl. 

 for p:;i ie sh-i rs. $7.M to .^S.oJ ior ;;(iod (|iiaiil\\ and ?s."j.i>.> to ><) { ', ior 

 lean annuals. The eal lie- for export arc shipped at 

 ciiy and pay LO city dues. 



