444 CATTLE AND DAIRY FARMING. 



CATTLE-BREEDING IN WURTEMBERG. 



RETORT I'.Y CONSTL CATLIN, OF STUTTGART. 

 CATTLE CENSUS OF ^VURTEMBERO. 



A cattle census made throughout the Kingdom of Wurtemberg, on 

 the 10th day of January last, showed that there were in the Kingdom 

 on that day iHM.loi) head of cattle, valued at IGlKllVvjlS marks (about 

 $-10,000,000), and weighing in the aggregate r>:U,LMi.YJ ( ,)u' pounds. They 

 were subdivided in age and sex as follosvs : 



Description. Number. ! "Weight. 



Yalue. 



The population of the Kingdom (see census of 18SO) was 1,971,118 ; 

 its area is 7,07,") square miles. There is. therefore, one head of cattle to 

 every LM8 of population, and 117.8 head of cattle to every square mile 

 of area. 



There are to be found in the Kingdom, in all, five principal breeds: 

 the Simmenthaler. Alontafoncr, Allgauer, Limburger,andXeckarschlag; 

 the two iirst of which are imported, the others native stock. 



THE SIMMEXTIIALER. BREED. 



As early as the middle of the last century the importation of Simmen- 

 thaler cattle from Switzerland into Wurtemberg began, though at first 

 in small numbers. This breed derives its name from the valley of the 

 Simme, from which locality it seems originally to have sprung, though 

 most of those at present purchased come from the Canton Glarus, and 

 some from the vicinity of Jicrne. Dr. Von lluetl'. director of the Royal 

 Veterinary School in this city, in his work on " Die Kncen des Eiudes," 

 thinks that many indications point to this breed as the future one for 

 Germany, and this opinion gains all the more weight from the fact that 

 the Simmenthaler race, better than any other, fullills all three of the 

 conditions (breeding, milk, and labor) requisite to good cattle. Many 

 Wurtemberg agricultural associations, including those at Stuttgart, 

 Ludwigsburg, Jleilbronn, Urach, ^liinsingcn, Kirchheim, Xurtingen, 

 Rottweil, Palingcn, Marbach, Warblingen, Varhingen, Kottenburg, and 

 Tubingen, use the Simmenthaler breed for the improvement of their 

 stock. 



Weight and f otnl. According to a statement made by Professor Rau, 

 of Uohenheiin, and covering the peiiod from 1S38 to 1850, the Simmen- 

 thaler cattle at that place had an average weight (on the hoof) of 1,30G 

 pounds, and an average, yearly yield of 2,570 kilos of milk to a daily 

 average consumption equivalent to .'57 pounds of hay. According to a 

 previous reckoning made at the same place the average weight of the 



