530 



CATTLE AND DAIRY FARMING. 



The withers are long and broad ; also the loins, though these are 

 sometimes found longer than they should properly be. 



The limbs are very strong and firm; the shoulder muscular, finely 

 shaped, and compact; the forearm is flat, very broad, and covered 

 with visible muscles; the knee is broad; the shin short without coarse 

 bones ; the sinews clearly defined ; the fetlock very shapely and in good 

 porportion, and the hoofs so strong and firm that it becomes necessary 

 to shoe working animals only on the roughest roads. 



Measurement and weight. The following is a detail measurement of 

 good average animals: 



Fattening qualities. As to their capacity for fattening, it may serve 

 as a sample that a certain herd of seven hundred and forty-two old, 

 long- worked oxen were brought in one hundred and eighteen days of 

 fattening from an average weight of 1,260 pounds to 1,565 pounds. 

 Younger animals have been known to gain as much as 3.54 pounds per 

 day in distilleries, and equally good results have been secured with 

 first-class farm feeding. In short, it is claimed, after many tests, that 

 no race of cattle will compare with this one in the results of systematic 

 fattening. 



Dairy qualities. I am informed, as to their quality for the dairy, that, 

 in more favorable localities much better results have been reached than 

 those stated in the statistical table herewith ; that these showings allude 

 only to medium animals under medium circumstances. 



Price. In price they range as follows: Bulls of medium to first-class 

 quality are worth from $80 to $120 for three-year-olds, and from $60 to 

 $100 for two-year-olds; exceptionally fine animals, of course, in propor- 

 tion more. Cows are worth from $32 to $60 ; year-old calves of either 

 sex from $20 to $40. Upon application I can furnish the addresses of 

 breeders of the more thoroughbred herds. 



THE HUNGARIAN BUFFALO CATTLE. 



I have not been able to obtain an accurate description of the other 

 race of native cattle of Hungary, the "Buffalo," but from my personal 

 observation and information I can say the following : 



The Buffalo is a black, shaggy, uncouth-looking animal, with rather 

 horizontally lying head, backward drooping, short, and heavy horns ; 

 it is far more docile than its appearance would indicate, and on account 

 of several of its traits it might justly be called the mule of Hungary. 

 Its extreme toughness and, if I may call it so, its modesty in require- 



