INDEX 



295 



Top-grafting, 220, 223. 



Topiary work, 253. 



Topping, 248. 



Toughness, of plant tissues, 134. 



Transpiration, 51. 



current, 52. 



excessive, 133. 



in cuttings, 198. 



relation to heat, 109. 



stimulated by light, 137. 

 Transplanting, 231. 



beneficial to nursery trees, 69. 



devices for, 240, 241. 



influence on root growth, 67, 

 (lab.), 281. 



lifting of plants in, 233. 



machine for, 242. 



puddling roots in, 235. 



reduction of top in, 238. 



sacking of roots in, 234. 



tardy starting of growth after, 

 246. 



time for, 231. 

 Trapping of insects, 155. 

 Treatment, of seed, 177. 



of soil, 176, 177. 

 Trees, care of split, 257. 



girdled, 215. 



influence on crop, 52. 



lifting of, 233. 



protection of newly set, 240. 



raising and lowering of, 233. 



repair of, 257. 

 Trimming, 248. 



of roots, 237. 

 Tuber, 195. 



Underground stems, 72. 



study of (lab.), 281. 

 Unpacking plants, 237. 



Variability, 266. 

 Variation, 8. 



desirable, 267. 



fixing of, 267. 



in hybrids, 12. 



methods of inducing, 268. 

 Varieties, "running out" of, 268. 

 Vascular bundles, 43, (lab.), 280. 



Vegetable parasites, 173. 

 Veneer-grafting, 224. 

 Ventilation, of hotbeds, 62, 201. 



of soil, 62. 

 Viability of seeds, 16, 17. 



conditions affecting duration of, 



100, 101. 

 Vigor, 4. 



of leaf-buds, 83. 



relation to size of seed, 29. 

 Vitality of seeds, affected by drying, 

 102. 



by age, 100, (lab.), 282. 



Warmth, relation to germination, 21 . 

 Washing, of roots in replanting, 237. 

 Water, excessive, 129. 



in plants, 50, 53. 



necessary to growth, 38. 



relation to freezing, 113, 126. 



requirements of plants, 131. 



supply for fruit-bud formation, 84. 



toughness, 134. 

 Watering, effect of injudicious, 130. 



of plants in sunshine, 111. 



of potted plants, 63. 



of transplanted trees, 240. 



proper methods, 130. 



trees after planting, 245. 

 Water-sprouts, 132. 

 Weather, use of in predicting frost, 



123. 

 Weeds, 140, 143, 183. 



annual and biennial, 184. 



destruction of, 56, 184. 

 Whip-grafting, 219. 

 Whole-root grafts, 221. 

 Wind, insufficient, 142. 



damage by, 141. 

 Windbreaks, 120. 

 Winter protection of plants (lab.), 



282. 

 Wood, ashes, 150. 



darkening of, 115. 



splitting of, 116. 

 Woodchucks, 154. 

 Woody plants, green cuttings of, 212. 

 Wounds, healing of, 48. 



protection of, 251. 



Printed in the United States of America. 



