56 



Plant-Breeding 



narrow lobes with almost linear tips, and the petals were 

 also cut up." The new species has been constant since 

 the first, and follows Mendel's law when crossed with 



C. majus, its par- 

 ent. (See Figs. 

 11 and 12.) 



The word 

 "mutation" was 

 first used in 1650 

 by Dr. Thomas 

 Browne, in his 

 book "Pseudo- 

 doxia Epidem- 

 ic a. ' ' Lock 

 quotes from 

 Book VI, Chap- 

 ter X, "Of the 

 Blackness of Ne- 

 groes," as fol- 

 lows : 



"We may say 

 that men become 

 black in the same 

 manner that 

 some foxes, squir- 

 rels, lions, first turned of this complexion, whereof there 

 are a constant sort in diverse countries; that crows 

 became pyed, all which mutations, however, they began, 

 depend upon durable foundations and such as may con- 

 tinue forever." 



History of the appearance of double flowers. Double 



FIG. 12. Chelidonium laciniatum. A flower of 

 it to the left. Below a flower of C. majus. 



