Pollination: or How to Cross Plants 271 



its reflexed lobes, is at C, and the large bell-form part 

 is the corolla. When the calyx is composed of separate 

 parts or leaves, each part is called a sepal ; in like manner 

 each separate part of the corolla is a petal. In the lily, 

 Fig. 81, there is no distinction between calyx and corolla ; 

 or, it may be said, the calyx 

 is wanting. These envelopes 

 of the flower are often much 

 disguised. This is particu- 

 larly true in the orchids, one 

 of which, a lady-slipper, is 

 illustrated in Fig. 82. The 

 sepals are seen at DD. They 

 are apparently only two, but 

 there is reason to believe that 

 the lower sepal is really made 

 up of a union of two. The 

 three inner leaves are the 

 petals, the lower one, H, 

 being enlarged into the sac 

 or slipper. 



The most important organs 

 of the flower, however, to 

 one who wishes to make crosses, are the so-called sexual 

 organs, the stamens and pistils. They can be readily 

 distinguished in the lily, Fig. 81. The six bodies shown 

 at S are the ends of the stamens, or so-called male organs. 

 These stamens generally have a stalk or stem, known as 

 a filament, and the enlarged tip as the anther. It is in 

 this anther that the pollen is borne. The pollen is usu- 

 ally made up of very minute yellow or brownish grains, 



FIG. 81. Flower of white lily. 



