Pollination: or How to Cross Plants 275 



and the numerous stamens are 

 arranged in a circular form out- 

 side of it. The many petals and 

 numerous spreading sepals are 

 also well shown. The hibiscus, 

 Fig. 84, has a central column 

 with the anthers hanging upon 

 it, and a large stigma raised 

 beyond them. The wild bug- 

 bane, or cimicifuga, is seen in 

 Fig. 85, natural size. Here is a 

 long spike or cluster of flowers. 

 At the top are the unopened 

 buds, in the center the expanded 

 flowers with the floral envelopes 

 fallen away, the fringe-like 

 stamens very prominent, and 

 below are seen the pistils, the 

 stamens having fallen. These 

 pistils will now ripen into pods, 

 but the tip-like stigma may still 

 be seen on them. The stamens 

 and the long protruding style 

 are also shown in the fuchsia, 

 Fig. 94. The essential organs 

 of orchids are curiously dis- 

 guised. They are combined into 

 a single body. In the lady-slip- 

 per, Fig. 82, the lip-like stigma 

 is shown at P. On either side, 

 at its base, is an anther, S. Pro- 



FIG. 85. Bugbane (Cimici- 

 fuga racemosa). 



