52 



ENVIRONMENT OF VERTEBRATE LIFE, ETC. 



form a considerable series and, in places, even appears conformable with the 

 Productive Coal Measures. The strata are largely sandstones, and because, in 

 certain districts, varieties of a red colour predominate, the earliest geological 

 observers assigned the group, in general, to the Triassic." 



FIG. i. Map of Northeastern Subprovince, showing the general lie of the late Paleozoic 

 sedimentary deposits, the present outline of the continental shelf, and the possible outline in late 

 Paleozoic. The lined areas are pre-Conemaugh (?) in age, the dotted areas are conglomerates 

 and tillites of Conemaugh (?) or later. 



The red rocks of Prince Edward Island and the adjacent portions of the 

 mainland are now thought to be Permo-Carboniferous, without question. 1 

 The most comprehensive description of the rocks of the island was given 

 by Ells, 2 a portion of which is quoted : 



"In New Brunswick a narrow margin of the red sandstones, conglomerates, 

 and associated shales of the upper series is found at several points along the 

 shores of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, as far north as Shippegan Island. They are 

 also well seen in the Tormentine Peninsula, where they pass downward into 

 underlying gray sandstones, which here are supposed to represent the lowest 

 portion of the Upper Carboniferous in this direction. 



"Near Shediac and along the east coast of New Brunswick, these newer 

 rocks rest upon gray sandstones and conglomerates which have been regarded 

 as of millstone-grit age, and the productive Coal Measures have not as yet been 

 recognized in this part of the province. While the gray beds of the two some- 



1 See Carnegie Inst. Wash. Pub. No. 207, p. 86, 1915. 



2 Ells, R. W., Annual Report Canadian Geological Survey for 1902-3, vol. xv, p. 371. 



