CONTENTS, ix 



23. THE TRIBES OF AN OAK 



In this Vignette are represented a few only of the innumerable insect inhabit- 

 ants of an Oak. On the leaf at bottom is a group of the black and yellow 

 caterpillars of ^he Buff-tip Moth (Pygcera Bucepliala), as they are accus- 

 tomed to repose in company, after or before a change of skin. Over these, 

 a miniature file of the same, newly-hatched, are marching in order over a 

 leaf, from which, as they proceed, they strip the upper surface. Higher, 

 towards the left, is a nest of silk, with indrawn leaves, woven for winter 

 occupancy by the social caterpillars of "a Gold-tail Moth (Porihesia auriflua). 

 Dependent by a silken line from the branch above, hangs one of the moth 

 caterpillars termed " Loopers" (Geometridce), of which there are two others, 

 one fixed motionless at right angles with a branch, the .other walking, or 

 looping, on the edge of a leaf. These occupy the right-hand oak ; and on 

 the same, attached to branches, are two of the curious structures of the moth 

 caterpillar called the Oak-bark Builder (Pyralis strigulaius). Several Tent- 

 makers (Tineida) are traversing the intermediate leaf, and a carnivorous 

 Beetle (Scardbus claihratus) is ascending the branches in search of prey . 94 



" Even ttie acorn Tias its appropriator" 



A golden Cicada, a little shovel-headed frequenter of the Oak, plays the part 

 of Jehu to a " Devil's Coach-horse " (or Eove Beetle), harnessed to an 

 acorn car . . 11 



24. A FEW FRIENDS OF OUR SUWfER GLADNESS. 



This Vignette comprises four Butterflies not figured in the Frontispiece to our 

 First Volume. That on the Thistle to the right, is the Clouded Yellow 

 ( Colias edusa). That on the left, with folded wings, the Painted Lady ( Cyn- 

 thia Cardui), The Purple Emperor (Apatura Iris), lessened by distance, 

 soars above, and flitting below is the Small Skipper (PampTiUa linea) . . 118 



" Sipping their cups of dew." 



A trio of thirsty Butterflies, the demoiselles Pontia and Vanessa seated foremost 

 at their leafy board . . . 139 



