PATHOGENIC BACTERIA. 129 



Properties. Very motile, liquefy gelatine. 



Growth. They grow quicker than the cholera, and slower 

 than the Finkler; they are also facultative aerobic. 



Colonies. At first resemble cholera colonies ; have, however, 

 a yellow-green iridescence, and are more irregular; also grow 

 more rapidly. 



Stab Cultures. A thick line along the needle-track and yellow 

 colonies forming at the bottom, on the surface a bubble of air 

 similar to the cholera. The gelatine is liquid in two weeks. 



Potato. At brood-heat a thin yellow membrane, but not 

 always constant. Staining, as cholera bacillus. 



Pathogenesis. When injected into animals prepared as for the 

 cholera bacillus, a certain number die. 



Vibrio Metschnikovi. (Garualeia.) 



Origin. In the intestines of fowls suffering from a gastro- 

 enteritis, common in Russia. Gamaleia found a spirillum which 

 bears so close a resemblance to the cholera bacillus, both in form 

 and growth, that it cannot be distinguished by these character- 

 istics alone. 



Form. As cholera bacillus. 



Growth. Two kinds are found on the gelatine plate one that 

 is identical in appearance with the cholera colony, the other more 

 liquefying, resembling the Tinkler spirillum. If now a second 

 plate be inoculated from either one of these forms, both kinds 

 again are found grown, so that it is not a mixture of two bacilli. 



Stab Culture. Similar to the cholera growth, a trifle faster in 

 growing. Staining, as cholera. 



Pathogenesis. To differentiate it from cholera, these bacilli, 

 when injected into animals, prove very fatal, and no especial 

 precautions need be taken to make the animal susceptible. In 

 the pigeon, guinea-pig, and chicken it produces a hemorrhagic 

 oedema, and a septicaemia which has been called " Vibrion 

 septicaemia." The blood and organs contain the spirilla in 

 great numbers. 



Products. The nitrites are formed just as in cholera bacillus, 

 and the red reaction given when mineral acids added to gelatine 

 cultures. Certain products also which, when injected, give 



