18 PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 



(2) 1842. DeWiyris, Conrad. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. viii, p. 263. 

 (la) 1843. Orthis ? {Delthyris}, Ui^hh. Geology of N. Y. ; Rept. Fourth Dist., p. 142, fig. 1. 

 (la) 1843. DeUhyris, Hall. Geology of N Y. ; Kept. Fourth Dist., p. 105, fig. 3; p. 171, fig. 5. 

 (16) 1843. DeUhyris, Hall. Geology of N. Y. ; Rept. Fourth Dist., p. 208, fig. 10 ; ]>. 345, fig. 1. 

 (la) 1843. Spirifer, Castelnau. Essai surle SystemeSilur. de I'Amer. Septentr., p. 41, pi. xii. figs. 1, 2. 

 (In) 1849. >'ipirifer. Hall. American Journal of Science, vol. xx, p. 228. 

 (In) 1852. fSpirifm; Hall. Pal.-pontology of N. Y., vol. ii, p. 262, pi. liv, figs. 3rt-t; ].. 328, pi. Ixxiv, 



figs. 9 a-?i.. 

 (16) 1852. Spirifer, Hall. Paleontology of N. Y., vol. ii, p. 263, pi. liv. fig. 4. 

 (2) 1853. Spirifer, Swallow. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Science, vol. ii, p. 86. 

 (la) 1857. Spinfer, Hall. Tenth Rept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., pp. 58, 62. 

 (2) 1858. Spirifer, Hall. Geol. Survey Iowa, vol. i, pt. ii, p. 505, pi. iv, figs. 5a-e; p. 645, pi. xx, 

 fig. 4 ; p. 705, pi. xxvii, fig. 4. 

 (In) 1859. Sjnrlfn: Hall. Paleontology of N. Y., vol. iii, p. 420, pi. xcvi, figs. 8 a-e ; p. 422, pi. xcvii, 

 figs. la-A, 2o-J; p. 205, pi. xxviii, figs. 4 a-e; p. 199, pi. xxv, figs, lo-z; 

 p. 203, pi. xxviii, figs. 2 a-/; p. 198, pi. viii, figs. 17-23. 

 Spirifer, Hall. Paljeontology of N. Y., vol. iii, p. 203, pi. xxviii, fig. 1. 

 Sjnrifer, McChesney. New Paleozoic Fossils, p. 43. 

 S2}lrifera, Billincs. Canadian Journal, vol. v, p. 256, figs. 65-67. 

 Spirifera, Billings. Canadian Journal, vol. v., p. 257, figs. 68-70. 



Spirifera, White and Whitfield. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. viii, p. 116, pi. iii, fig. 15. 

 Spirifera, Billings. Pi-oc. Portland Soc. Nat. Hist., vol i, p. 116, pi. iii, fig. 15. 

 Spirifera, Hall. Ti-ansactions of the Albany Institute, vol. iv, p. 212. 



Spirifera. Billings. Geology of Canada, p. 372, figs. 394 a, 6, <•; p. 960, fig. 466 ; p. 957, 

 fig. 457. 

 (la) 1867. Spiiif era. Hall. PaliEontoIogy of N. Y, vol. iv, p. 189, pi xxvii, figs. 13-16; pi. xxviii, 

 figs. 24-33. 

 Spirifera, Hall. Paleontology of N. Y., vol. iv, p. 239, pi. xxxix, figs. 1-12. 

 *S'pj)-i/ern, Hall. Paleontology of N. Y., vol. iv, p. ;214, pi. xxxiii, figs. 1-21; p. 250, 



jil. xxxiii, figs. 31-35. 

 Spirifer, Meek and Worthen. Geol. Sui'vey Illinois, vol. iii, p. 434, pi. x, figs. 5 a-e. 

 Spirifera, Meek and Worthen. Geol. Survey Illinois, vol. iii, p. 399, pi. viii, figs. 6a-rf, 



figs. 7 a, h. 

 Spirifera, Billings. Paleozoic Fossils, vol. ii, p. 48, pi. iii A, figs. 4, 4 c. 

 Spirifera, Hall. Twenty-eighth Ann. Rept. N. Y. State Mus., p. 157, pi. xxiv, figs. 6-12, 19. 

 Spirifera, Rathbun. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. xx, p. 25. 



Spirifera, Hall. Eleventh Ann. Rept. State Geologist Indiana, p. 295, pi. xxiv, figs. 6-12, 19. 

 Spirifera, Hall. Eleventh Ann. Rept. State Geologist Indiana, p. 297, pi. xxvii, figs. 8, 9. 

 Spirifera (Martinia), White, Thirteenth Annual Report State Geologist of Indiana, p. 133, 

 ^il. xxvii, figs. 4-6. 

 (2) 1884. Spirifera [Martinia), ViALCOTT. Paleontology Eureka Dist., jip 143-145, pi. iii, figs. 3, 6 ; 



pi. xiv, fig. 11. 

 (16) 1888. Spirifera, Calvin. Bull. Laboratories University of Iowa, p. 28. 

 (la) 1889. >Spiri/eca, Nkttelroth. Kentucky Fossil Shells, p. 114, pi. xii, figs. 12, 13, 16; p. Ill, 



pi. xvii, figs. 36, 37. 

 (la) 1889. Spirifer, Beechbr and Clarke. Mem. N. Y. State Mus., vol. i, No. 1, p. 75, pi. vi, 



figs. 4-7. 

 (la) 1891. Spirifera, Whitfield. Annals N. Y. Acad. Science, vol. v, p. 509, pi. v, figs. 4, 5. 



Shells with few low plications or none ; hinge line not greatly extended, 

 often shorter than the greatest diameter of the shell ; dental lamellae moderately, 



