28 PALAEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. 



example of aberrancy rather as the representative of a distinct section of the 

 Aperturati. Its short hinge and fimbriate surface indicate its relations to the 

 Firabriati, while the pronounced dichotomization of its plications is without 

 precedent among other Devonian Spirifers. The fasciculate effect produced by 

 the duplication of the plications is suggestive of the Striatus-cameratus group. 

 The species is, in fact, an early representative of that type of structure, upon 

 it being superinduced the characters of the fimbriate type (Delthyris). 



V. OsTiOLATi. Typical examples: Spirifer ostiolatus, Schlotheim, S. Oweni, 

 Hall. 



1839. Delthyris, Conead. Geol. Survey N. Y. ; Pal. Dept., Third Ann. Kept., p. 65. 



1842. Delthyris, Conrad. Journal Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. viii, pp. 262, 263. 



1843. Delthyris. Hai.l. Geology of N. Y. ; Rept. Fourth Dist., pp. 206, 207, figs. 1, 2 ; p. 208. fig. S. 



1843. Spirifer, Castelnatj. Essai sur le Systeme Silurien de I'Aui^rique Septenti-., ji. 40, |il. xiv, 



fig. 16; p. 41, pi. xii, fig. 6. 



1844. Delthyris, Owen. Rept. Geol. Expl. Iowa, Wifconsiii and lllinoip, p. 69, pi. ,\ii, fig. 9. 

 1847. jSjnrifer, Y'andell and Suumard. Contributions to Geology of Kentucky, pji. 10, 14. 



1852. Spirifer, Owen. Geol. Survey "Wisconsin, Iowa .and Minnesota, p. ,').'^6, pi. iii, figs. 2, 6 ; p. 585, 

 pi. iii, tigs. 3, 4, 8. 



1857. Spiriftr, Hall. Tenth Ann. Rept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist , pi>. 128, 129, 132, 135, 154, 155, 



156, ]58, 161, 163, 164. 



1858. Delthyris, Rogers. Geol. Survey Pennsylvania, vol. ii, p. 828; figs. 669, 670. 



1858. Spirifer, H k\.h. Geol. Survey Iowa, vol. i, pt. ii, p. 508. pi. iv, fig. 7; p. 509, jil. iv, fig. 8; 



p. 510, pi. v, tig. 1 ; p. 520, pi. vii, fig. 7. 

 1863. Spirifera, Billings. Geology of Canada, p. 386, tigs. 422a, b. 



1867. Spirifn-a,Y{k-Lh. Palaeontology of N. Y., vol. iv, p. 197, pi. xxix, tigs. 1-8 ; p. 198, jil. xxiv, 



figs. 9-18; p. 209, pi. xxxi, figs 14-19; ji. 211, pi. xxxi, tigs. 11-13, 20-30; p. 220, 

 pi. xxviii, figs. 12-16 ; p. 223, pi. xxxvi, figs. 1-13 ; p. 226, pi. xxxvii, tigs. 10-20; 

 p. 227, pi xxxviii, figs. 1-25; pi. xxxviii*, figs. 12-18; p. 230, pi. xxxviii«, 

 tigs. 23-32 ; p. 234, pi. xxxv, fig. 24 ; p. 292, pi. xxx, tigs. 16-20. 

 I8GS. Spirifera, Meek and Worthen. Geol. Survey Illinois, vol. iii, p 433, ]il. xiii, fig. 8. 



1868. Spirifer, Meek and Worthen. Geol. Survey Illinois, vol. iii, p. 414, plate x, fig. 1. 

 1878. Spirifera, Miller. Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 222. 



1880. Spirifera, White. Second Ann. Rept. Bureau Stat, and Geol. Indiana, p. 503, pi. iv, figs. 1-3 ; 



]). 504, pi. iv, figs. 4, 5 



1881. Spirifera, White. Tenth Ann. Rept. State Geologist Indiana, p. 135, pi. iv, figs. 1-3 ; p. 136, 



pi. iv, figs. 4. 5. 



1882. Spirifera (Oyrtina), VfuiTi'mhi). Geol. Wisconsin, vol. iv, p. 329, pi. xxv, figs. 25, 26 ; p. 329, 



pi. xxvi, fig. 3; p. 330, pi. xxvi, tig. 4 ; p. 331, pi. xxvi, figs. 1, 2. 



1883. Spirifera, Calvin. American Journal of Science, vol. xxv, p. 433. 



1884. Spirifera, Walcott. Pateontology of the Eureka District, p. 137, pi. xiv, tig. 10. 



1885. Spirifera, Clarke. Bull. No. 16, U. S. Geol. Survey, p. 31, pi. iii, fig. 12. 



1888. Spirifera, Calvin. Bull. Laboratories State University Iowa, p. 19. 



1889. Sinrifffra, Nettelroth. Kentucky Fossil Shells, p. 105, pi. viii, figs. 1-8 ; p. 107, pi. ix, figs. 1-7 ; 



p. 11.5, pi. vi, figs. 1-7, 9, 11-17; p. 117, pi. vi, figs. 8, 10, 18-20; p. 123, pi. xi, 

 figs. 1-5 ; p. 125, pi. xxvi, figs. 2-5 ; p. 126, pi. vii, figs. 1-10. 



