BRACHIOPODA. 51 



Mr. ScHUCHERT has also referred to Syringothyris the species Spirifer extenua- 

 tus, Hall, of the Kinderhook group, for which he regards the Sijringothijris Halli, 

 Winchell, a synonym ; and to the same genus, the Cyrtia gigas, Troost, from the 

 lower Carboniferous of Tennessee, though we are without conclusive evidence 

 of the nature of the interior in this fossil. 



Genus SPIRIFERINA, u'Crbigny. 1847. 



PLATES XXXV, XXXVI, XXXIX. 



1847. Spinferina, d'Ohbigny. Comptes rendiis, vol. xxv, ji. 268. 



1850. /Spiriferina, d'Orbigny. Annales des Sciences Natiii-elles, vol. xiii, ji. 334. 



1852. Sjnrifer, Hall. .Slaiisbui'y's Expl. and Survey of the Valley of the Great Salt Lake of Utah, 



p. 409, pi. iv, tig. 4. 



1S54. Spiriferina, Davidson. Bi-itish Fos.sil Brachiopoda, p. 82, pi. vi, tig-. 60. 



1855. Spirifer, Shdmard. Geology of Missouri, vol. i, p. 203. 



1856. Spirifer, Norwood and Prattbn. Journal Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. iii, p. 71, ]il. ix, 



fig. 1. 



1856. Spirifer, Hall. Pacific Raili-oail Reports, vol. iii, p. 102, pi. ii, figs. ]0, 11. 



1858. Spiriferina, Shumard. Ti-ans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. i, pp. 294, 391. 



1858. Spirifer, Hall. Transactions of the Albany Institute, vol. iv, p. 7. 



1858. Spirifer, Hall. Geology of Iowa, vol. i, part ii, p. 706, pi. xxvii, fig. 5. 



1859. Spirifer, Meek and Hayden. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. iii, sec. ser., p. 27. 



1860. Spirifera, Mekk. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. iv, sec. ser., p. 310. 

 I860. Spirifera, White. Journal Boston Society Nat. Hist., vol. vii, p. 232. 



1860. Spirifera, McChesney. New Palaeozoic Fossils, pp. 42, 43. 



1862. Spiriferina, White. Proc. Boston Society Nat. Hist., vol. ix, pp. 24, 25. 



1863. Spiriferina, Davidson. Quart. Journal Geol. Society London, vol. xix, p. 170, jil. ix, fig. 6. 

 1S64. Spiriferitm, Meek. Palaeontology Upper Missoui-i, p. 19. 



1865. Spiriferina, A. Winchell. Pi-oc. Acad. Nat. Sci , Philadelphia, vol. ix, sec. ser., pp. 119, 120. 



1866. Spirifer, Swallow. Trans. St. Louis Acad. Sci., vol. ii, p. 489. 



1866. Spirifer, Geinitz. C;irbon und Dyas in Nebraska, p. 45, pi. iii, fig. 19. 

 186S. Spirifera, McChesney. Ti-ans. Chicago Acad. Sci., vol. i, p. 34, pi. vi, fig. 3. 

 1872. Spiriferina. Meek. Hayden's U. S. Geol. Survey of Nebraska, p. 185, pi. vi, tig. 3 ; pi. viii, 

 fig. 11. 



1874. Spiriferina, Derby*. Bull. Cornell University, vol. i, p. 23, pi. ii, figs. 4-G, 13 ; pi. iii, figs. 12-14, 



17; pi. V, fig. 4 ; pi. vi, figs. 8, 13, 14. 



1875. Spiriferiiia, White. Wheeler's Geogr. Surveys West of the 100th Meridian, vol. iv, pp. 138, 



139, pi. X, figs. 4, 8. 



1876. Spirifera, Meek. Simpson's Rept. Expl. Gieat Basin of the Terr, of Utah, p. 352, pi. ii, fig. 1. 



1877. Spiriferina, Meek. King's U. S. Geol. Expl. 40th Parallel, vol. iv, pp. 84, 85, pi. viii, fig. 1,5; 



pi. xii, fig. 12. 



1877. Spirifei-a (Spiriferiiia ?), Hall and Whitfield. King's U. S. Geol. Expl. 40th Parallel, vol. iv, 



p. 281, pi. vi, fig. 17. 



1878. Spiriferina, Dawson. Acadian Geology, third ed., p. 291, tig. 90. 



1878. Spiriferina, Etheridge. Quart. Journal Geol. Society London, vol. xxxiv, p. 269. 



1882. Spiriferina, Whitfield. Bull. American Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. i, p. 48, pi. vi, tigs. 1^', 17. 



1883. Spirifei-ina. Hall. Twelfth Rept. State Geol. Indiana, p. 327, pi. xxix, figs. 16, 17. 



