138 PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW YORK. . 



in the Cordilleras of Bolivia ; and Ulrich has cited a large list of additional 

 localities which indicate its general and abundant occurrence in that country. 

 It has not been reported in the rich lower and middle Devonian faunas of the 

 Amazonas, but occurs at Ponta Gi'ossa, Brazil. Salter identified it as Orthis 

 palmata among some palaeozoic fossils from South Africa, and Ulrich suggests 

 that a similar shell fi'om the Cape, referred to by Murchison* and subsequently 

 by DE VerneuilI as Orihis calladis, is probably this species. 



Of the three species so intimately associated in the Bolivian Devonian, 

 Leptocoslia jiabellites, VituUna pustulosa, and Tropidoleptus carinatus, the last is 

 the only one which occurs in European or Asian faunas; all occur in South 

 Africa in faunas which are probably of lower Devonian age. In North 

 America, this association is broken, and Leptoccelia disappears with the early 

 Devonian ; Tropidoleptus and Vitulina appearing only with the introduction 

 of the Hamilton fauna. 



Genus VITULINA, J Hall. 1860. 



.SUI'l'LEMENTARY PLATE. 



1860. VituUna, Hall Thirteenth Rept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., p. 72, figs. 1, 2; p. 82. 



1862. VUidina, Hall. Fifteenth Rept. N. Y. State Cab. Nat. Hist., p. 187. 



1867. VituUna, Hall. Paleontology of New Yorli, vol. iv, pp. 409-411, pi. Ixii, tigs. ], a-i. 



1874. VituUna, Rathbun. Bull. Buffalo Society of Niitural Sciences, vol. i, p. 255, pU ix. 



1876. VituUua, Derby. Bull. Museum Harvard College, vol. iii. No. 12, p. 282. 



1881. VituUna, Rathedn. Proc. Boston Society of Natural Histoi-y, vol. xx, p. 36. 



1890. VituUna, Derby. Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, vol. ix, p. 76. 



1891. VituU7ia, Ulrich. Neues Jahrbuch fiir Mineralogie, etc., p. 273. 



1892. Vituli7ia, Ulrich. Neues Jahrbuch fiir Mineralogie, etc., Beilageband iii, p. 71, pi. iv, figs. 



26-29. 



The nature of the widely distributed little species VituUna pustulosa, Hall, 

 has never been fully understood. When the generic characters were first 

 described their similarities to both Leptoccelia and Tropidoleptus were sug- 

 gested, but these were not reiterated with the more detailed description and 



* Silurian System, p. 701. 



t Bull. Societ<5 G^ol. France, vol xi, p. 166. 1840. 



I This name is said by Dall to have been employed by Swainson in 1840 for a genus of Gastropoda, 

 but it does not appear in the later conchological manuals. See Dall, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 8, p. 75. 

 This is possibly in error for Vitularia, Swainson. 1840. 



