PLATE LXXXIV— Continued. 



TORYNIFEK, gen. nov. 



ToHYiMFEU CKITICUS, !i[). IIOV. 



Fig's. 34. o5. A iVag^inent of a ptiiicle-valve, with well fietined cai'dinal area, iu'dinineiit teeth, ccnvergent 

 (iental lamella' foi'miiiu' a liistinct .'spondyliuni smijmi'tetl liy a nieUian septum. Nothing' 

 further is known of this peouliar shell. Its general relations are probably less athyroid than 

 orthoid. X 2. 



Though hut this fragment is known, it beai-s the critical structure which separates it fiom othei- 

 g'enera, antl may heiKre a< well receive a distinctive desigfnation now as hereafter, when its 

 other characters shall have been determined. 

 St. Louis g'roup. La Rue, Kentucky. 



Spirifeu (cf.) niETU.s, White and WliitHcld. 



See Plate 4li. 

 Fig:. 30. A pedicle-valve, .showing the compound spines at the concentric growth-lines. 

 Fig-. 37. A portion of the same specimen enlarg-ed, to show more distinctly the character of these spines. 

 Waverly g'l'oup. Hii-lifiuld, Ohio. 



NUCLEOSPIRA COXCINNA, Hall. 

 See Plate 48. 

 Fig. 38. Posterior cardinal view of the brachial valve ; .showing: the e'evation and curvature of the cardinal 

 process. X 3. 



Hamilton g'rou]). Clarke (•ounty, Indiana 



NUCLEOSPIRA VENTRICOSA, Hall. 



See Plate 4S. 

 Fig. 39. View of the cardinal process. X 13. 



Fig. 40. The same specimen projected backward to show the elevation of the ci'ural bases. 

 Lower Helderberg- group. SchohaHe, New York. 



Cyktina XEOGENES, SJ). IIOV. 



Fig. 41. The pedicle-valve of a very tran.sverse SpiRiFERiNA-like species, broken so as to siiow the median 

 septum suppoi'ting convergent dental plates. 



Chert of the Burlington limestone. Burlingtan, Iowa. 

 It is important to observe that this shell, with the external a.spect of Spihiferlna and the interior 

 structure of Cystina, is the palieozoic precursor of numerous Triassic species passing under the 

 name of Spiui1''ERIna, though assiu'edly not of that genus. 



Camarella Volborthi, Biliiiig.s. 



See Plate . 



Fig. 4'J. A fragment of the umbonal portion of the shell, showing the spondylium of the pedicle-valve and 

 the lateral walls of that of the brachial \'alve. X 3. 



Black River limestone. Pauquctte's Rapids, Catiada. 



.\na.strophia Verneuili. Hall. 



See Plate . 



Fig. 43. Carilinal view of a normal example, represented \vith the i)edicle-valve above. 

 Fig. 44. The interior of a brachial valve ; showing the spondylium and adductor scars. 

 Lower Helderberg group. Albany county, Ntnv York. 



Camarophoria ringens, Swallow. 



Fig. 4.1. C'ai'dinal view of an internal cast of conjoined valves, retaining the tine radial surface striae. 

 Burlington limestone. Loui.s-iana, jMis.smin. 



Barr.\ndella ventricosa, Hall. 



See Plate . 



Fig. 4ti An internal cast of a pedicle-valve ; showing divergent muscular or vascular riilges. 

 Niagara dolomites. tSouthem Wiscansin. 



