64 BIGGIE ORCHARD BOOK 



a spray pump is at hand, pump the mixture back upon 

 itself with considerable force for about five minutes. 

 Keep this as a stock. It must be further diluted with 

 soft water before using. One part of emulsion to 

 fifteen parts of water, is about right for lice. 



Whale-oil soap solution : Dissolve one pound of 

 whale-oil soap in a gallon of hot water, and dilute 

 with about six gallons of cold water. This is a good 

 application for the young lice of the oyster-shell and 

 scurfy scale (see Chapter VIII) , or for aphis. 



Tobacco tea: This solution may be prepared by 

 placing five pounds of tobacco stems in a water-tight 

 vessel, and then covering them with three gallons of 

 hot water. Allow to stand several hours ; dilute the 

 liquor by adding about seven gallons of water. Strain 

 and apply. Good for lice (aphis) on foliage. 



SPECIAL REMARKS. No attempt has been made 

 in this chapter to cover the various fungous troubles 

 and insect pests which do damage to orchards and 

 fruit, such topics being more appropriately treated 

 in the chapters on The Apple, The Pear, etc. There 

 you will find special directions which fit the special 

 pests which prey on each kind of fruit. Scale insects 

 have a chapter all to themselves. 



Tim wants me to say that fungicides are not cures, 

 but preventives. " Therefore, " he concludes, "the 

 early bird catches the germ." By which he means, 

 of course, that the sprayer should begin early in the 

 season, before fungous trouble has really begun. 

 " Yes, " adds Harriet, " and he should repeat the good 

 work several times, at intervals two or three weeks 

 apart." 



